Vaccines are a fundamental public health tool, particularly effective in preventing respiratory infections. Their importance is amplified in patients with chronic respiratory diseases, who are more susceptible to acute infections such as influenza, pneumococcus, COVID-19, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), pertussis, and herpes zoster. These individuals face an increased risk of severe infections, exacerbations, hospitalizations, and mortality. Vaccination against influenza, pneumococcus, and SARS-CoV-2 significantly reduces these adverse outcomes. Evidence also supports the use of vaccines against RSV, pertussis, and herpes zoster in this population. In specific cases, tailored immunization strategies are warranted. The Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) strongly advocates for systematic vaccination in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. This document provides clear and up-to-date recommendations based on the available evidence to support clinical practice and standardize vaccination strategies. These recommendations aim to reduce complications, improve quality of life, and enhance public health outcomes in this vulnerable population.
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