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Vol. 30. Issue 3.
Pages 149-152 (March 1994)
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Vol. 30. Issue 3.
Pages 149-152 (March 1994)
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Prevalencia de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y del asma. Estudio transversal
Prevalence of chronic obstructive lung disease and asthma. A cross-sectional study
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B. Brotons*, J.A. Pérez, F. Sánchez-Toril, S. Soriano, J. Hernández, J.L. Belenguer
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Arnau de Vilanova. Área Sanitaria 5. Valencia
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Se estudian 467 sujetos comprendidos entre los 35 y 65 años de edad, extraídos de una muestra seleccionada aleatoriamente de la población del Área Sanitaria 5 de la Comunidad Valenciana. A través de un cuestionario y de una espirografía se obtienen tasas para síntomas respiratorios, tabaquismo, antecedentes pulmonares, profesionales y función pulmonar. Se observa una prevalencia para el asma del 2,78% (IC: 2,76-2,79), para la bronquitis crónica del 4,0% (IC del 2,375,77) y para la limitación al flujo aéreo del 6,4% (IC: 4,5-8,3). El hábito tabáquico estaba presente en el 33,2%. Se detecta una relación significativa entre el grado de intensidad de los síntomas y función pulmonar. No hay diferencias entre fumadores y no fumadores con respecto al FEV1, % y la relación entre exposición laboral y espirografía sólo se observa para el FEV1/FVC %.

Four hundred sixty-seven patients between 35 and 65 years of age were studied, all taken from a random sample of the population of Health Area 5 of the Valencian Community. Figures for respiratory symptoms, smoking, previous lung disease, professional activity and lung function were obtained through questionnaires and spirometry. The prevalence of asthma found was 2.78% (C.I. 2.76-2.79); chronic bronchitis was 4.07% (C.I. 2.37-5.77) and airflow limitation was 6.4% (C.I. 4.5-8.3). Smokers represented 33.2% of the sample. A significant association was found between the level of intensity of symptoms and lung function. There were no differences between smokers and non smokers with respect to FEV1%. An association between workplace exposure and spirometry was found only for FEV1/FVC%.

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Copyright © 1994. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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