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        "titulo" => "The Combined Use of Pleural Fluid Parameters Improves Diagnostic Accuracy in Complicated Pleural Infection&#47;Empyema"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La infecci&#243;n pleural &#40;IP&#41; es un hallazgo frecuente en la pr&#225;ctica cl&#237;nica&#44; ya que un 57&#37; de los pacientes con neumon&#237;a pueden presentar un derrame pleural &#40;DP&#41; infeccioso &#40;DPI&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; En la fase inicial &#40;exudativa&#41;&#44; las caracter&#237;sticas del l&#237;quido pleural &#40;LP&#41; son las de un exudado neutrof&#237;lico&#44; sin otros datos bioqu&#237;micos que lo identifiquen&#44; su cultivo suele ofrecer un bajo rendimiento y habitualmente responden favorablemente al tratamiento antibi&#243;tico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Sin embargo&#44; en los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os se ha observado que cada vez m&#225;s pacientes desarrollan una IP complicada&#47;empiema&#44; sobre todo en ni&#241;os y ancianos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a>&#46; Estos enfermos necesitar&#225;n&#44; adem&#225;s de antibi&#243;ticos&#44; un drenaje tor&#225;cico y&#44; en ocasiones&#44; fibrinol&#237;ticos intrapleurales y manejo quir&#250;rgico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Como consecuencia&#44; las tasas de hospitalizaci&#243;n por empiema son m&#225;s altas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#44; las estancias hospitalarias m&#225;s prolongadas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> y las tasas de mortalidad pueden alcanzar el 30&#37; en pacientes inmunocomprometidos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;5&#44;6</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las caracter&#237;sticas bioqu&#237;micas del LP en las fases fibrinopurulenta y organizada de la IP son totalmente distintas de las de la fase exudativa y suelen indicar claramente la necesidad de colocar un drenaje tor&#225;cico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Pero&#44; hasta la fecha&#44; no se han desarrollado predictores cl&#237;nicos&#44; anal&#237;ticos o radiol&#243;gicos suficientemente consistentes que identifiquen qu&#233; pacientes con una IP simple pueden evolucionar hacia una IP complicada&#47;empiema&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El objetivo del estudio es valorar si una combinaci&#243;n de biomarcadores de respuesta inflamatoria del LP&#44; a trav&#233;s de modelos predictivos&#44; pueden predecir qu&#233; pacientes con un DPI evolucionar&#225;n hacia fases m&#225;s complicadas de la IP&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Material y m&#233;todos</span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Pacientes</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre junio del 2013 y diciembre del 2016 se estudi&#243; de forma prospectiva a todos los pacientes que acudieron a nuestro servicio por un DPI&#46; Si a un paciente se le realizaban varias toracocentesis&#44; se eligieron los datos bioqu&#237;micos de la primera&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0085">Definiciones</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El diagn&#243;stico de DPI se estableci&#243; ante la presencia de una infecci&#243;n pulmonar asociada a un cuadro agudo que cursaba con fiebre&#44; infiltrados pulmonares&#44; esputo purulento y respuesta al tratamiento antibi&#243;tico&#44; o identificaci&#243;n de un organismo en el LP&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se consider&#243; que las IP eran no complicadas si se resolv&#237;an &#250;nicamente con antibi&#243;ticos&#59; una IP se defini&#243; como complicada si el derrame necesit&#243; drenaje tor&#225;cico para solucionarse&#44; y empiema cuando exist&#237;a pus en el espacio pleural o el cultivo del LP era positivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se excluy&#243; a los pacientes menores de 18 a&#241;os y los que hab&#237;an tenido un empiema previo&#44; cirug&#237;a mayor en los 5 d&#237;as anteriores&#44; neumonectom&#237;a en el lado infectado&#44; embarazo o lactancia&#44; y expectativa de vida menor de 3 meses&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0090">Muestras</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El LP se obtuvo mediante una toracocentesis&#44; dirigida por ecograf&#237;a&#44; antes de comenzar ning&#250;n tratamiento y con el enfermo en ayunas&#46; Las muestras de LP se enviaron a microbiolog&#237;a &#40;para tinci&#243;n de Ziehl-Neelsen y cultivo en medios aer&#243;bico&#44; anaerobio y de L&#246;wenstein&#41;&#44; citolog&#237;a y bioqu&#237;mica&#46; Una vez centrifugadas las muestras a 1&#46;500<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g a 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">C</span> durante 15 min&#44; los sobrenadantes se procesaron antes de las 2 h de su extracci&#243;n y posteriormente se almacenaron a &#8211;80&#176; C&#46; La interleucina 6 &#40;IL-6&#41; y la prote&#237;na C reactiva &#40;PCR&#41; se determinaron mediante el IMMULITE&#174; 2000 &#40;Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products Ltd&#46;&#44; Llanberis&#44; Gwynedd LL55 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>EL&#44; United Kingdom&#41;&#46; Los resultados se expresaron en pg&#47;ml y mg&#47;l&#44; respectivamente&#44; y estuvieron disponibles en menos de una hora&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">An&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las variables continuas se expresaron en medias<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>DE o medianas &#40;percentiles 25-75&#41;&#44; seg&#250;n las distribuciones eran o no normales&#46; Las variables cualitativas se expresaron en frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes&#46; La normalidad de las distribuciones se estudi&#243; mediante el test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov&#46; Se utiliz&#243; el test de la chi al cuadrado para comparar las variables categ&#243;ricas&#44; y para las variables continuas se emple&#243; el test U de Mann-Whitney&#46; Para determinar la rentabilidad diagn&#243;stica de los par&#225;metros estudiados se estimaron&#58; sensibilidad&#44; especificidad&#44; valor predictivo positivo&#44; valor predictivo negativo&#44; razones de verosimilitud positiva y negativa&#44; y precisi&#243;n diagn&#243;stica&#46; Los puntos &#243;ptimos de corte se obtuvieron utilizando el criterio de Youden<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0175"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#46; Se construyeron curvas ROC y se determinaron las &#225;reas bajo la curva &#40;AUC&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0180"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> para hallar la capacidad de discriminaci&#243;n&#46; La interpretaci&#243;n de estos valores se determin&#243; de acuerdo con los siguientes l&#237;mites&#58; 0&#44;60-0&#44;69&#44; pobre valor discriminatorio&#59; 0&#44;70-0&#44;79&#58; moderado valor discriminatorio&#59; 0&#44;80-0&#44;89&#58; buen valor discriminatorio&#44; y 0&#44;90-1&#44;00&#58; excelente valor discriminatorio&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se confeccionaron modelos de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica binaria&#44; en los que inicialmente se introdujeron todas las variables potencialmente predictoras y&#44; posteriormente&#44; mediante el test de raz&#243;n de verosimilitud&#44; se fueron eliminando aquellas con escasa o nula contribuci&#243;n a la capacidad de explicaci&#243;n del modelo &#40;p &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;05&#41;&#46; A partir de los coeficientes de regresi&#243;n se estimaron las <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratios</span> y sus intervalos de confianza del 95&#37;&#46; Se estudiaron los diferentes aspectos de la <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">performance</span> del modelo&#58; discriminaci&#243;n&#44; calibraci&#243;n y seguridad diagn&#243;stica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;11</span></a>&#46; La calibraci&#243;n se valor&#243; mediante el score de Brier y se graficaron las estimaciones no param&#233;tricas de las frecuencias observadas versus las predichas por el modelo&#46; Las curvas ROC y sus correspondientes AUC tambi&#233;n se utilizaron para verificar la capacidad de discriminaci&#243;n de los modelos&#46; Para determinar el valor de los modelos&#44; se utiliz&#243; la relaci&#243;n te&#243;rica entre la probabilidad del umbral de DPI y el valor relativo de los resultados de falsos positivos y falsos negativos&#46; Para este prop&#243;sito&#44; la regla de clasificaci&#243;n se defini&#243; de la siguiente manera&#58; cada paciente se clasific&#243; como perteneciente al grupo infeccioso para aquellas probabilidades predichas iguales o superiores al umbral seleccionado y negativas de otro modo&#46; Esto significa que los sujetos en los que el modelo predijo DPI y no lo ten&#237;an&#44; ser&#237;an falsos negativos&#44; mientras que si el modelo no predice DPI y lo tienen&#44; ser&#237;an falsos positivos&#46; Para corregir el posible sobreoptimismo se utilizaron t&#233;cnicas de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">bootstrap</span>&#44; tanto para las estimaciones de discriminaci&#243;n como para las de clasificaci&#243;n de los pacientes&#46; Finalmente&#44; con base en los coeficientes de los modelos obtenidos en la regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica&#44; se construyeron nomogramas para los modelos de predicci&#243;n&#46; El an&#225;lisis de los datos se llev&#243; a cabo utilizando los paquetes &#171;mgcv&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0195"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a>&#44; &#171;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MASS</span>&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#44;</span> &#171;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">rms</span>&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#44;</span> &#171;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">OptimalCutpoints</span>&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> y &#171;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">pROC</span>&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#44; todos ellos libremente disponibles en R<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El estudio fue aprobado por el Comit&#233; &#201;tico de Investigaci&#243;n Cl&#237;nica del hospital &#40;c&#243;digo de registro 2013&#47;013&#41;&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Resultados</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Durante el periodo del estudio se llevaron a cabo 813 toracocentesis&#46; Se excluyeron 107 derrames debido a&#58; no se lleg&#243; a un diagn&#243;stico definitivo &#40;27&#41;&#44; ten&#237;an alg&#250;n criterio de exclusi&#243;n &#40;33&#41;&#44; los datos correspond&#237;an a pacientes repetidos &#40;21&#41;&#44; hab&#237;a un posible doble diagn&#243;stico &#40;18&#41; o bien los datos no estaban completos &#40;8&#41;&#46; De los 706 pacientes a los que finalmente se lleg&#243; a un diagn&#243;stico&#44; 177 eran DPI&#46; De estos&#44; 74 fueron IP no complicadas&#44; 65 IP complicadas y 38 empiemas &#40;suma complicadas&#47;empiemas&#44; 103&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El cultivo del LP fue positivo en 34&#47;177 pacientes &#40;19&#44;2&#37;&#41;&#46; El grupo de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Streptococcus</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">milleri</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#40;Streptococcus intermedius&#44; constellatus y mitis&#41;</span> fue el que se cultiv&#243; con mayor frecuencia &#40;13 pacientes&#59; 7&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#44; seguido del <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Streptococcus pneumoniae</span> &#40;5 pacientes&#59; 2&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Streptococcus oralis</span> &#40;4 casos&#59; 2&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#44; otros tipos de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Streptococcus &#40;viridans&#44;</span> betahemol&#237;tico grupo C y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">especies</span>&#41; &#40;3&#59; 1&#44;7&#37;&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Staphylococcus aureus</span>&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Escherichia coli</span> y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> &#40;2 casos cada uno&#59; 1&#44;1&#37;&#41;&#44; nocardia&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fusobacterium nucleatum</span> y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Parvimonas micra</span> &#40;un caso cada uno&#59; 0&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#46; Cincuenta pacientes &#40;28&#44;2&#37;&#41; hab&#237;an recibido tratamiento antibi&#243;tico previamente a realizar la toracocentesis&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a> se observan las caracter&#237;sticas de los pacientes estudiados de acuerdo con su clasificaci&#243;n como IP no complicada&#44; complicada&#44; empiema o la agrupaci&#243;n de estas 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#250;ltimas&#46; Los valores de porcentaje de segmentados&#44; lactato deshidrogenasa &#40;LDH&#41;&#44; PCR&#44; IL-6 y factor de necrosis tumoral alfa &#40;TNF-&#945;&#41; en LP aumentan significativamente a medida que lo hace la complejidad del derrame y disminuyen en el caso del pH&#46; Si la IP es complicada o existe un empiema&#44; se observa un aumento significativo en el tama&#241;o del DP&#44; el h&#225;bito alcoh&#243;lico&#44; la positividad del cultivo del LP&#44; la necesidad de drenaje tor&#225;cico y de tratamiento con fibrinol&#237;ticos y la presencia de septos y tabiques en el espacio pleural&#46; No se encontraron diferencias significativas&#44; entre otros&#44; en el CURB-65&#44; PSI&#44; duraci&#243;n de la estancia hospitalaria&#44; necesidad de ingreso en la UCI y mortalidad&#46; Por el contrario&#44; la insuficiencia cardiaca es significativamente m&#225;s frecuente en los pacientes con un DP no complicado que en los complicados&#47;empiemas &#40;9&#44;5&#37; vs&#46; 1&#44;9&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;029&#41;&#46; En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a> se muestra la rentabilidad de cada par&#225;metro en LP para el diagn&#243;stico de las IP complicadas&#47;empiemas&#46; Los par&#225;metros que mejor AUC mostraron para su diagn&#243;stico fueron la LDH &#40;0&#44;949&#41;&#44; el pH &#40;0&#44;921&#41;&#44; el porcentaje de segmentados &#40;0&#44;866&#41; y la IL-6 &#40;0&#44;837&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a> se muestra la distribuci&#243;n de las concentraciones de las principales variables en las IP no complicadas&#44; complicadas y empiemas&#44; y en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a> se observan las AUC ROC de todas las variables para el diagn&#243;stico de las IP complicadas&#47;empiemas&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se utiliz&#243; un an&#225;lisis de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica para diferenciar las IP no complicadas de las complicadas&#47;empiemas&#46; El modelo incluy&#243; 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>variables&#58; pH&#44; LDH LP e IL-6 LP&#46; Los coeficientes obtenidos en el an&#225;lisis de regresi&#243;n para el modelo evaluado se presentan en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#46; La capacidad de discriminaci&#243;n que se obtuvo fue un AUC de 0&#44;9783&#44; significativamente mejor que la de cualquiera de las variables individuales que lo componen &#40;p &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; La AUC corregida por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">bootstrap</span> fue ligeramente inferior a la AUC aparente &#40;0&#44;9757&#41;&#44; lo que tampoco refleja ning&#250;n optimismo&#46; Este modelo clasifica correctamente el 96&#37; &#40;170&#47;177&#41; de los derrames &#40;72&#47;74 &#91;97&#44;3&#37;&#93; de los no complicados y 98&#47;103 &#91;95&#44;1&#37;&#93; de los complicados&#47;empiemas&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La gr&#225;fica de calibraci&#243;n del modelo construido se observa en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">figura 2</a>&#46; La calibraci&#243;n demuestra una buena concordancia entre la probabilidad estimada y la frecuencia observada&#46; Finalmente&#44; la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">figura 3</a> muestra el nomograma construido&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a> muestra la rentabilidad para diferentes puntos de corte de la probabilidad predicha para el diagn&#243;stico de una IP complicada&#47;empiema obtenida a trav&#233;s del modelo construido&#46; En la pr&#225;ctica cl&#237;nica&#44; el c&#225;lculo de la probabilidad de que la IP sea complicada&#47;empiema se puede llevar a cabo f&#225;cilmente a trav&#233;s de un modelo de calculadora en formato Excel &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#sec0065">material suplementario &#91;anexo</a>&#93;&#44; e-figura 1&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0020">figura 4</a> se observa la distribuci&#243;n de los valores del pH&#44; IL-6 y LDH en LP&#44; seg&#250;n la IP sea no complicada &#40;l&#237;neas negras&#41; o complicada&#47;empiema &#40;l&#237;neas rojas&#41;&#44; as&#237; como sus puntos de corte &#243;ptimos&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0020"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Con los par&#225;metros del modelo construido para diferenciar las IP no complicadas de las complicadas&#47;empiemas&#44; se construy&#243; una gr&#225;fica tridimensional que muestra la relaci&#243;n entre los valores en LP del pH&#44; LDH e IL-6 &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0025">figura 5</a>&#41;&#46; Las IP no complicadas&#44; en c&#237;rculos negros&#44; se agrupan mayoritariamente en la zona de la gr&#225;fica que ocupan los casos con valores m&#225;s bajos de LDH e IL-6 y m&#225;s elevados de pH&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0025"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">tabla 5</a> muestra los errores que se producen &#40;falsos positivos y falsos negativos&#41; para diferentes puntos de corte de las probabilidades obtenidas despu&#233;s de aplicar el modelo construido&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0025"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudio confirma que un modelo predictivo construido con una combinaci&#243;n de variables bioqu&#237;micas del LP tiene un excelente valor discriminativo para predecir IP complicadas&#47;empiemas&#44; ya que consigue diferenciarlas de las no complicadas en el 96&#37; de los casos&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Diferenciar entre IP no complicada e IP complicada&#47;empiema tiene implicaciones pron&#243;sticas y terap&#233;uticas&#46; Al contrario que las IP no complicadas&#44; las complicadas&#47;empiemas no se resuelven&#44; en la mayor&#237;a de los casos&#44; solamente con antibi&#243;ticos&#44; sino que&#44; habitualmente&#44; necesitan drenaje tor&#225;cico y&#44; en ocasiones&#44; fibrinol&#237;ticos intrapleurales o&#44; incluso&#44; manejo quir&#250;rgico&#46; Esto conduce a la necesidad de utilizar un mayor n&#250;mero de recursos sanitarios y a ingresos hospitalarios con estancias prolongadas&#44; lo que puede conducir a un aumento de la morbimortalidad&#46; Si el LP tiene un aspecto purulento es relativamente sencillo diagnosticar el empiema&#44; pero l&#237;quidos de aspecto seroso pueden tener un cultivo positivo y necesitar drenaje tor&#225;cico para resolverse<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a>&#46; Lo relevante es poder identificar&#44; de forma precoz&#44; qu&#233; pacientes pueden presentar una IP complicada&#47;empiema&#44; pero hasta la fecha no hay datos cl&#237;nicos o radiol&#243;gicos que identifiquen a estos enfermos&#46; Valores en LP del pH&#44; LDH o glucosa pueden ayudar a hacer esta diferenciaci&#243;n&#44; pero sus errores no son desde&#241;ables<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Otros autores han intentado identificar estas IP mediante an&#225;lisis multivariante y han observado que determinadas caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas &#40;edad&#44; alcoholismo&#44; dolor tor&#225;cico&#44; taquicardia&#44; uso de f&#225;rmacos por v&#237;a intravenosa&#41; o anal&#237;ticas &#40;alb&#250;mina&#44; sodio&#44; plaquetas&#44; PCR&#44; leucocitos&#41; pueden contribuir a hacerlo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;17</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las variables que de forma individual mejor discriminaron las IP complicadas&#47;empiemas de las no complicadas fueron la LDH &#40;AUC 0&#44;949&#41;&#44; el pH &#40;AUC 0&#44;921&#41;&#44; el porcentaje de segmentados &#40;AUC 0&#44;866&#41; y la IL-6 &#40;AUC 0&#44;837&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#41;&#46; Tanto la LDH como el pH son par&#225;metros ampliamente utilizados con este fin<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0215"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16&#44;18</span></a> y la rentabilidad obtenida puede considerarse en el rango de la observada en otras series<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0230"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19-22</span></a>&#46; El porcentaje de neutr&#243;filos suele utilizarse habitualmente en el diagn&#243;stico de los DPI&#46; En estos casos&#44; aunque espec&#237;fico&#44; no es un par&#225;metro sensible debido a que factores como el momento de la evoluci&#243;n en que se realiza la toracocentesis y la toma previa de antibi&#243;ticos pueden influir en el resultado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23</span></a>&#46; Sin embargo&#44; para el diagn&#243;stico de las IP complicadas&#47;empiemas s&#237; que ha demostrado una buena rentabilidad diagn&#243;stica &#40;punto de corte 61&#44;1&#37;&#59; sensibilidad 79&#44;1&#37;&#59; especificidad 85&#44;5&#37;&#59; AUC 0&#44;866&#41;&#44; probablemente porque todos los casos est&#225;n en una fase avanzada de la infecci&#243;n &#40;fibrinopurulenta u organizada&#41;&#46; Con la IL-6 existe muy poca experiencia&#46; Solamente se ha utilizado en un estudio y &#250;nicamente para diagnosticar los DPI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0255"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">24</span></a>&#46; La IL-6 es un mediador del sistema inmunol&#243;gico y puede presentar valores s&#233;ricos elevados en algunas enfermedades autoinmunes&#44; infecciones y sepsis&#44; y en el rechazo a los trasplantes<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#46;</span> Su AUC tiene un buen valor discriminante &#40;0&#44;837&#41;&#44; superior a la del estudio mencionado &#40;0&#44;70&#41; y con una sensibilidad y especificidad tambi&#233;n m&#225;s elevadas &#40;el 73&#44;7 y el 92&#44;9&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; Por el contrario&#44; el valor discriminante de la PCR fue moderado &#40;AUC 0&#44;766&#41;&#46; Eso podr&#237;a significar que una vez alcanzado un cierto nivel de inflamaci&#243;n en el LP&#44; los valores de IL-6 no siguen aumentando en la misma proporci&#243;n que lo hace la infecci&#243;n&#46; Por otra parte&#44; como suger&#237;an estudios previos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25-27</span></a>&#44; el poder discriminante de la procalcitonina fue muy pobre &#40;AUC 0&#44;574&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para la predicci&#243;n del resultado&#44; se consider&#243; la presencia o ausencia de IP complicada&#47;empiema&#46; En este contexto&#44; el modelo de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica es la t&#233;cnica estad&#237;stica m&#225;s utilizada para resultados m&#233;dicos binarios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0185"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#46; Al desarrollar un modelo de predicci&#243;n&#44; se pretende cuantificar qu&#233; tan buenas son las predicciones del modelo &#40;rendimiento del modelo&#41; y&#44; para ello&#44; se realizaron la calibraci&#243;n&#44; la discriminaci&#243;n&#44; la precisi&#243;n diagn&#243;stica y la validez de las predicciones para nuevos pacientes&#46; El modelo construido para diferenciar ambas IP utiliza las variables pH&#44; LDH e IL-6&#46; Las probabilidades de que la IP sea complicada&#47;empiema aumentan a medida que lo hacen los valores de LDH e IL-6&#44; y disminuyen los del pH&#46; La AUC del modelo&#44; una vez corregida por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">bootstrap</span>&#44; es ligeramente inferior al AUC aparente &#40;0&#44;9757 vs&#46; 0&#44;9783&#41;&#44; lo que refleja que no hay sobreoptimismo en la estimaci&#243;n&#46; Llama la atenci&#243;n que el modelo construido no utilice la variable porcentaje de segmentados&#44; cuya AUC es superior a la de la IL-6&#46; Es posible que esto se deba a que el mecanismo por el que se eleva sea similar al de alguna de las variables elegidas y&#44; por tanto&#44; su determinaci&#243;n no aporte ninguna ventaja en aumentar el rendimiento del modelo&#46;</p><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La gr&#225;fica de calibraci&#243;n &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">figura 2</a>&#41; muestra que la concordancia entre las probabilidades predichas y las frecuencias observadas fue excelente&#44; lo que demuestra la solidez del modelo&#46; El nomograma representa el peso de cada una de las variables seleccionadas y estima la probabilidad de que una IP sea complicada&#47;empiema&#44; de acuerdo con la puntuaci&#243;n total obtenida con todas las variables &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0015">figura 3</a>&#44; parte inferior&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El diagn&#243;stico err&#243;neo de una IP no complicada como complicada conducir&#225; a someter al paciente a pruebas invasivas innecesarias&#46; Sin embargo&#44; la situaci&#243;n contraria llevar&#225; a retrasos diagn&#243;sticos y&#44; por consiguiente&#44; a un potencial aumento de la morbimortalidad&#46; Con este enfoque&#44; quiz&#225; la mejor estrategia a la hora de clasificar a estos pacientes ser&#237;a obtener el menor n&#250;mero de falsos negativos&#46; Es decir&#44; intentar evitar que las IP complicadas se clasifiquen err&#243;neamente como no complicadas a fin de evitar las complicaciones mencionadas&#46; Para cada probabilidad predicha&#44; se obtiene una determinada rentabilidad&#46; Una probabilidad predicha del 60&#37; parece ser la de mayor rentabilidad&#44; ya que es donde menos posibilidades de error se cometen a la hora de establecer el diagn&#243;stico de DPI &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0025">tabla 5</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El estudio tiene algunas limitaciones&#46; En primer lugar&#44; el n&#250;mero de DPI no ha sido elevado &#40;177&#41;&#59; en segundo&#44; los pacientes se han reclutado en un &#250;nico centro&#46; Aunque se han utilizado t&#233;cnicas de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">bootstrap</span> para corregir el sobreoptimismo&#44; se necesita realizar una validaci&#243;n externa en otros centros&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; el c&#225;lculo de la probabilidad estimada de tener una IP complicada&#47;empiema es compleja&#44; pero la construcci&#243;n de una calculadora Excel facilita la aplicaci&#243;n pr&#225;ctica por parte de los cl&#237;nicos y est&#225; disponible en el material suplementario&#46;</p><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En resumen&#44; el modelo predictivo construido tiene una rentabilidad superior a la de cualquiera de las variables individuales que lo componen para identificar las IP complicadas&#47;empiemas&#46; Aunque se necesitan nuevos estudios para validar estos hallazgos&#44; los resultados obtenidos parecen justificar el que se pudiera comenzar a aplicar en la pr&#225;ctica cl&#237;nica&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Financiaci&#243;n</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudio fue financiado por una beca de la Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Neumolog&#237;a y Cirug&#237;a Tor&#225;cica &#40;SEPAR 126&#47;2012&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Autor&#237;a</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Luc&#237;a Ferreiro&#46;</span> Concepci&#243;n y dise&#241;o del estudio&#46; Autora&#46; Recogida de los datos&#46; An&#225;lisis e interpretaci&#243;n de los datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#211;scar Lado-Baleato&#46;</span> An&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Juan Su&#225;rez-Antelo&#46;</span> Coautor&#46; Adquisici&#243;n de datos&#46; An&#225;lisis e interpretaci&#243;n de los datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mar&#237;a E&#46; Toubes&#46;</span> Coautora&#46; Adquisici&#243;n de datos&#46; An&#225;lisis e interpretaci&#243;n de los datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Esther San Jos&#233;&#46;</span> Responsable de las determinaciones en l&#237;quido pleural de los par&#225;metros estudiados&#46; Coautora&#46; An&#225;lisis e interpretaci&#243;n de los datos&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito<span class="elsevierStyleBold">&#46;</span></p><p id="par0180" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Adriana Lama&#46;</span> Coautora&#46; Adquisici&#243;n de datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0185" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nuria Rodr&#237;guez-N&#250;&#241;ez&#46;</span> Coautora&#46; Adquisici&#243;n de datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0190" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Jos&#233; Manuel &#193;lvarez Doba&#241;o&#46;</span> Coautor&#46; Adquisici&#243;n de datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0195" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Francisco Javier Gonz&#225;lez Barcala&#46;</span> Coautor&#46; Adquisici&#243;n de datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0200" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Jorge Ricoy&#46;</span> Coautor&#46; Adquisici&#243;n de datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0205" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Francisco Gude&#46;</span> An&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico&#46; An&#225;lisis e interpretaci&#243;n de los datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p><p id="par0210" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Luis Vald&#233;s&#46;</span> Autor principal&#46; Concepci&#243;n y dise&#241;o del estudio&#46; An&#225;lisis e interpretaci&#243;n de los datos&#46; Revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del art&#237;culo&#46; Aprobaci&#243;n final del manuscrito&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0215" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los autores declaran no tener ning&#250;n conflicto de intereses&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Predecir cu&#225;ndo un derrame pleural infeccioso puede evolucionar hacia una infecci&#243;n complicada&#47;empiema es dif&#237;cil de establecer&#46; Nuestro prop&#243;sito es analizar si un modelo predictivo construido con par&#225;metros bioqu&#237;micos del l&#237;quido pleural puede ayudar a identificar estos derrames&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se estudi&#243; de forma prospectiva a todos los pacientes diagnosticados de derrame pleural infeccioso y se clasificaron en no complicados y complicados&#47;empiemas&#46; Se realiz&#243; un an&#225;lisis de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica para estimar la probabilidad de infecci&#243;n pleural complicada&#47;empiema&#46; Con base en par&#225;metros bioqu&#237;micos del l&#237;quido pleural&#44; se construy&#243; un modelo predictivo y se determinaron su discriminaci&#243;n &#40;&#225;reas bajo la curva ROC&#41;&#44; calibraci&#243;n y precisi&#243;n diagn&#243;stica&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Resultados</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluy&#243; a 177 pacientes &#40;74 infecciones pleurales no complicadas y 103 complicadas&#47;empiemas&#41;&#46; El &#225;rea bajo la curva del modelo construido &#40;pH&#44; lactato deshidrogenasa e interleucina 6&#41; fue 0&#44;9783&#44; significativamente mejor que cualquiera de las variables bioqu&#237;micas utilizadas de forma individual &#40;0&#44;921&#44; 0&#44;949 y 0&#44;837&#44; respectivamente&#59; p &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001 usando todos los par&#225;metros&#41;&#46; La tasa de clasificaci&#243;n correcta fue del 96&#37; de los derrames &#40;170&#47;177&#59; 72&#47;74 &#91;97&#44;3&#37;&#93; de los no complicados y 98&#47;103 &#91;95&#44;1&#37;&#93; de los complicados&#47;empiemas&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El modelo predictivo analizado tiene una buena rentabilidad para el diagn&#243;stico de las infecciones pleurales complicadas&#47;empiemas&#44; superior a la de cualquiera de las variables individuales que lo componen&#46;</p></span>"
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          ]
        ]
      ]
      "en" => array:3 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Introduction</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Identifying infectious pleural effusions &#40;IPE&#41; that will progress to complicated infection or empyema is challenging&#46; The purpose of this study was to determine whether a model based on multiple biochemical parameters in pleural fluid can predict which IPEs will produce empyema&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Methods</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A prospective study was performed of all cases of IPEs treated in our unit&#46; IPEs were classified as uncomplicated or complicated &#40;empyema&#41;&#46; Logistic regression was used to estimate the risk for complicated pleural infection &#40;empyema&#41;&#46; A predictive model was developed using biochemical parameters in pleural fluid&#46; Discriminatory power &#40;areas under the ROC curve&#41;&#44; calibration&#44; and diagnostic accuracy of the model were assessed&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Results</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 177 patients were included in the study &#40;74 with uncomplicated infectious pleural effusion&#44; and 103 with complicated pleural effusion&#47;empyema&#41;&#46; The area under the curve &#40;AUC&#41; for the model &#40;pH&#44; lactate dehydrogenase and interleukin 6&#41; was 0&#46;9783&#44; which is significantly superior to the AUC of the individual biochemical parameters alone &#40;0&#46;921&#44; 0&#46;949&#44; and 0&#46;837&#44; respectively&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;&#46;001 using all parameters&#41;&#46; The rate of correct classification of infectious pleural effusions was 96&#37; &#91;170&#47;177&#58; 72&#47;74 &#40;97&#46;3&#37;&#41; for uncomplicated and 98&#47;103 &#40;95&#46;1&#37;&#41; for complicated effusion &#40;empyema&#41;&#93;&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0055">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The multiple-marker model showed better diagnostic performance for predicting complicated infectious pleural effusion &#40;empyema&#41; compared to individual parameters alone&#46;</p></span>"
        "secciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0030"
            "titulo" => "Introduction"
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0035"
            "titulo" => "Methods"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0040"
            "titulo" => "Results"
          ]
          3 => array:2 [
            "identificador" => "abst0045"
            "titulo" => "Conclusion"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "apendice" => array:1 [
      0 => array:1 [
        "seccion" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "apendice" => "<p id="par0225" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="upi0010"></elsevierMultimedia></p>"
            "etiqueta" => "Anexo A"
            "titulo" => "Material suplementario"
            "identificador" => "sec0065"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:13 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figura 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 2664
            "Ancho" => 2909
            "Tamanyo" => 367310
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribuci&#243;n de las concentraciones del n&#250;mero de leucocitos&#44; segmentados &#40;&#37;&#41;&#44; pH&#44; LDH&#44; PCR&#44; PCT&#44; IL-6 y TNF-&#945; en el l&#237;quido pleural en las infecciones pleurales no complicadas&#44; complicadas y empiemas&#46;</p> <p id="spar0055" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IL-6&#58; interleucina 6&#59; LDH&#44; lactato deshidrogenasa&#59; LP&#58; l&#237;quido pleural&#59; PCR&#58; prote&#237;na C reactiva&#59; PCT&#58; procalcitonina&#59; TNF-&#945;&#58; factor de necrosis tumoral alfa&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0010"
        "etiqueta" => "Figura 2"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1356
            "Ancho" => 1549
            "Tamanyo" => 100486
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0060" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Gr&#225;fica de calibraci&#243;n del modelo construido para el diagn&#243;stico de las infecciones pleurales complicadas&#47;empiemas&#46;</p> <p id="spar0065" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IL-6&#58; interleucina 6&#59; IP&#58; infecci&#243;n pleural&#59; LDH&#58; lactato deshidrogenasa&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      2 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Figura 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr3.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1037
            "Ancho" => 2077
            "Tamanyo" => 77624
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0070" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Nomogramas del modelo construido para el diagn&#243;stico de las infecciones pleurales complicadas&#47;empiemas&#46;</p> <p id="spar0075" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IL-6&#58; interleucina 6&#59; LDH&#58; lactato deshidrogenasa&#59; LP&#58; l&#237;quido pleural&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      3 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0020"
        "etiqueta" => "Figura 4"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1620
            "Ancho" => 3260
            "Tamanyo" => 239745
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0080" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Distribuci&#243;n de los valores de pH&#44; IL-6 y LDH en LP&#44; seg&#250;n la infecci&#243;n pleural sea no complicada &#40;trazado continuo&#41; o complicada&#47;empiema &#40;trazado discontinuo&#41;&#44; as&#237; como sus puntos de corte &#243;ptimos&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      4 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0025"
        "etiqueta" => "Figura 5"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr5.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1971
            "Ancho" => 2083
            "Tamanyo" => 150333
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0085" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A trav&#233;s de una gr&#225;fica tridimensional se muestra la relaci&#243;n entre las variables seleccionadas &#40;pH&#44; LDH e IL-6 en l&#237;quido pleural&#41; en la construcci&#243;n del modelo para diferenciar las infecciones pleurales no complicadas &#40;c&#237;rculos negros&#41; de las complicadas&#47;empiemas &#40;c&#237;rculos grises&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      5 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Tabla "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0095" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">APACHE II&#58; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II&#59; IL-6&#58; interleucina 6&#59; IP&#58; infecci&#243;n pleural&#59; LDH&#58; lactato deshidrogenasa&#59; PCR&#58; prote&#237;na C reactiva&#59; PCT&#58; procalcitonina&#59; SEWS&#58; Standardised Early Warning Score&#59; SIRS&#58; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome&#59; TNF-&#945;&#58; factor de necrosis tumoral alfa&#59; UCI&#58; Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
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                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IP no complicada&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">IP complicada&#47;empiema&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">74&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">103&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Edad&#44; a&#241;os&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">67&#44;5 &#40;49&#44;8&#44; 82&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">59 &#40;50&#44; 76&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;070&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Hombres&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">42 &#40;56&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">84 &#40;81&#44;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Leucocitos LP &#40;c&#233;lulas&#47;&#956;l&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#46;010 &#40;1&#46;752&#44; 6&#46;688&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#46;760 &#40;1&#46;213&#44; 17&#46;353&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;317&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Segmentados &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">31 &#40;15&#44;5&#44; 55&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">76 &#40;65&#44; 85&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">pH&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;42 &#40;7&#44;38&#44; 7&#44;49&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;08 &#40;6&#44;52&#44; 7&#44;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">LDH LP &#40;U&#47;l&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">395&#44;5 &#40;249&#44;3&#44; 592&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;958 &#40;1&#46;127&#44; 4&#46;749&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PCR LP &#40;mg&#47;dl&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;9 &#40;2&#44;3&#44; 6&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;5&#44;1&#44; 14&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PCT LP &#40;ng&#47;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;15 &#40;0&#44;09&#44; 0&#44;23&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;23 &#40;0&#44;08&#44; 0&#44;37&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;180&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IL-6 LP &#40;pg&#47;ml&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Clase PSI&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tama&#241;o del derrame&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62; 1&#47;3 y &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#47;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tiempo de evoluci&#243;n</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Precoces &#40;&#60; 72 h&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">83 &#40;80&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Tard&#237;os &#40;&#62; 72 h&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">20 &#40;19&#44;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">APACHE II &#40;score medio&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;6&#44; 12&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;6&#44; 13&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;709&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">SIRS &#40;score medio&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;1&#44; 2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;1&#44; 3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;126&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">SEWS &#40;score medio&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;1&#44; 3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;1&#44; 4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;203&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Drenaje tor&#225;cico&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;2&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90 &#40;87&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fibrinol&#237;ticos&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">76 &#40;87&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;001&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Cultivos l&#237;quido pleural&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0 &#40;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">34 &#40;33&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">D&#237;as de ingreso &#40;mediana&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;7&#44; 19&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">13 &#40;10&#44; 20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;093&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Mortalidad 30 d&#237;as&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;4&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;3&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;954&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fumador &#40;IPA&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;1&#44; 37&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16 &#40;1&#44; 30&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;458&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Alcohol&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;8&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;22&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;009&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">EPOC&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;16&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;8&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;101&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Hepatopat&#237;a cr&#243;nica&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;5&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;2&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;323&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Insuficiencia cardiaca&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;9&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;1&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;029&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Accidente cerebrovascular&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;9&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;5&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;265&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Insuficiencia renal cr&#243;nica&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;6&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;5&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;678&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Enfermedad reum&#225;tica&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;5&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;3&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;448&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Diabetes mellitus&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">15 &#40;20&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">15 &#40;14&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;289&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tiempo&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;128&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">71 &#40;95&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">93 &#40;90&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;30 d&#237;as &#40;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;4&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">10 &#40;9&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fiebre&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">46 &#40;62&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">71 &#40;68&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Tratamiento antibi&#243;tico previo&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No o 1 d&#237;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">60 &#40;81&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">79 &#40;76&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;2 d&#237;as&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">14 &#40;18&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">24 &#40;23&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Septos libres&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">41 &#40;64&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tabiques&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">35 &#40;53&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;000&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ingreso en UCI&#44; n &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;12&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;7&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;481&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Par&#225;metro&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Cutoff&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">S &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">E &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">VPP &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">VPN &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">RVP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">RVN&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Leucocitos LP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">12&#46;690 c&#233;l&#47;&#956;l&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;545 &#40;0&#44;458&#44; 0&#44;633&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">31&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">95&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">51&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;72&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Segmentados&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">61&#37;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;866 &#40;0&#44;807&#44; 0&#44;924&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">79&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">85&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">87&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">75&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">pH LP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;921 &#40;0&#44;881&#44; 0&#44;961&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">88&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">LDH LP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#46;004 UI&#47;l&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;949 &#40;0&#44;913&#44; 0&#44;984&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">85&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;14&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PCR LP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6&#44;7 mg&#47;dl&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;766 &#40;0&#44;692&#44; 0&#44;839&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">67&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">81&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">63&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;41&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">PCT LP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;25 ng&#47;ml&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;574 &#40;0&#44;467&#44; 0&#44;682&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">48&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">79&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">79&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">48&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;37&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;64&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IL-6 LP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">64&#46;560 pg&#47;ml&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;837 &#40;0&#44;772&#44; 0&#44;901&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">73&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">92&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">93&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">72&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;28&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">TNF-&#945; LP&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">25 pg&#47;ml&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;808 &#40;0&#44;741&#44; 0&#44;875&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">75&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">83&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">85&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">72&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;53&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;29&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2259144.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0100" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sensibilidad&#44; especificidad&#44; valores predictivos positivo y negativo y AUC para el diagn&#243;stico de la infecci&#243;n pleural complicada&#47;empiema</p>"
        ]
      ]
      7 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0015"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 3"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at3"
            "detalle" => "Tabla "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0115" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">R2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;843&#44; Brier<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;052&#44; AUC<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;978 &#40;0&#44;956&#44; 1&#41;&#46;</p><p id="spar0120" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IC&#58; intervalo de confianza&#59; IL-6&#58; interleucina 6&#59; LDH&#58; lactato deshidrogenasa&#59; LP&#58; l&#237;quido pleural&#59; OR&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratio</span>&#59; SE&#58; error est&#225;ndar&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Coeficientes &#40;SE&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">p&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">OR &#40;IC del 95&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#8211;11&#46;45 &#40;3&#44;81&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">LDH LP &#40;UI&#47;l&#41; log&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">164&#44;02 &#40;14&#44;43&#44; 1&#46;863&#44;85&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">IL-6 LP &#40;pg&#47;ml&#41; log&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;52 &#40;0&#44;62&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;014&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">4&#44;57 &#40;1&#44;35&#44; 15&#44;41&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0110" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Modelo de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica para el diagn&#243;stico de las infecciones pleurales complicadas&#47;empiemas</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0130" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">E&#58; especificidad&#59; IC&#58; intervalo de confianza&#59; Inf&#58; infinito&#59; LR&#43;&#58; raz&#243;n de verosimilitud positiva&#59; LR&#8211;&#58; raz&#243;n de verosimilitud negativa&#59; NaN&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">not a number</span>&#59; S&#58; sensibilidad&#59; VPN&#58; valor predictivo negativo&#59; VPP&#58; valor predictivo positivo&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t">98&#44;9 &#40;93&#44;9&#44; 99&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">68&#44;1 &#40;55&#44;8&#44; 78&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">97&#44;9 &#40;89&#44;1&#44; 98&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">93&#44;3 &#40;86&#44;1&#44; 97&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">91&#44;1 &#40;81&#44;9&#44; 96&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&#44;2 &#40;4&#44;5&#44; 18&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;07 &#40;0&#44;03&#44; 0&#44;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">93&#44;3 &#40;86&#44;1&#44; 97&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">97&#44;1 &#40;89&#44;9&#44; 99&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">97&#44;6 &#40;91&#44;7&#44; 99&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">91&#44;7 &#40;83&#44;1&#44; 98&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">32&#44;2 &#40;8&#44;2&#44; 126&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;06 &#40;0&#44;03&#44; 0&#44;14&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">70&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">87&#44;8 &#40;79&#44;1&#44; 93&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">98&#44;5 &#40;92&#44;1&#44; 99&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">98&#44;7 &#40;93&#44;2&#44; 99&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">86&#44;1 &#40;76&#44;6&#44; 99&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60&#44;5 &#40;8&#44;6&#44; 424&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;12 &#40;0&#44;07&#44; 0&#44;21&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">80&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">83&#44;3 &#40;74&#44; 90&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">98&#44;5 &#40;92&#44;1&#44; 99&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">98&#44;6 &#40;92&#44;8&#44; 99&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">81&#44;9 &#40;72&#44;1&#44; 99&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">57&#44;5 &#40;8&#44;2&#44; 403&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;16 &#40;0&#44;1&#44; 0&#44;26&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">78&#44;9 &#40;69&#44; 86&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">100 &#40;94&#44;7&#44; NaN&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">100 &#40;94&#44; 100&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">78&#44;4 &#40;68&#44;4&#44; NaN&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Inf &#40;NaN&#44; Inf&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;21 &#40;0&#44;14&#44; 0&#44;31&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2259143.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0125" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Sensibilidad&#44; especificidad&#44; valores predictivos positivo y negativo y razones de verosimilitud positiva y negativa para diferenciar una infecci&#243;n pleural no complicada de la complicada&#47;empiema a trav&#233;s del modelo construido</p>"
        ]
      ]
      9 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0025"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 5"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at5"
            "detalle" => "Tabla "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:1 [
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Probabilidad &#40;&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Falsos positivos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Falsos negativos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">20&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">50&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">60&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">70&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">80&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">90&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">99&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2259145.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
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