The Worldwide Puzzle of Bronchiectasis Etiology in Adults

Martinez-Garcia, Miguel Angel; Aksamit, Timothy; Asakura, Takanori; Burr, Lucy; Chia-Ling, Chang; Giron, Rosa Maria; Guan, Wei-jie; Kizilirmak, Deniz; Oh, Yeon-Mok; Penizzotto, Miguel; Ringshausen, Felix C; de Soyza, Anthony; Thornton, Christina; Wong, Conroy

doi:10.1016/j.arbres.2025.11.012

Archivos de Bronconeumología

ISSN: 0300-2896

Archivos de Bronconeumologia is an international journal that publishes original studies whose content is based upon results of research initiatives dealing with several aspects of respiratory medicine including epidemiology, respiratory physiology, pathophysiology of respiratory diseases, clinical management, thoracic surgery, pediatric lung diseases, respiratory critical care, respiratory allergy and translational research. Other types of articles such as editorials, reviews, and different types of letters are also published in the journal. Additionally, the journal expresses the voice of the following scientific societies: the Spanish Respiratory Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR; https://www.separ.es/), the Latin American Thoracic Society (ALAT; https://alatorax.org/), and the Iberian American Association of Thoracic Surgery (AIACT; http://www.aiatorax.com/).

It is a monthly journal in which all manuscripts are sent to peer-review and handled by the editor or an associate editor from the team and the final decision is made on the basis of the comments from the expert reviewers and the editors. The journal is published solely in English. All the published data is composed of novel manuscripts not previously published in any other journal and not being in consideration for publication in any other journal..

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Medline, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE)

7 Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R, China

8 Pulmonology Department. Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Manise, Turkey

9 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

10 Sanatorio San Roque, Curuzú Cuatiá, Corrientes, Argentina

11 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center of Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Rare and Complex Respiratory Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany

12 Population and Helath Science Institite, Newcastle University, United Kingdom

13 Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

14 Respiratory Department, Te Whatu Ora Counties Manukau, Auckland, New Zealand. Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

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ABSTRACT

Bronchiectasis represents in frequency the third chronic inflammatory airway disease after chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. It is produced by more than one hundred causes, both pulmonary and extrapulmonary. Despite advances in recent years in the understanding of this condition and the publication of several national and international guidelines on its management, in most cases the etiology remains unknown. Among the identified etiological forms, post-infectious and post-tuberculous are the most frequent. It is also striking how bronchiectasis associated with COPD and severe asthma has been progressively increasing over the years, probably due to greater awareness among healthcare professionals of the importance of such associations and the wider use of chest computed tomography (the diagnostic method of choice for bronchiectasis from a radiological perspective). However, it is remarkable, according to data obtained from national and international bronchiectasis registries, the considerable geographic heterogeneity in their etiology. Thus, in socially disadvantaged regions or in those with poorer healthcare access, post-infectious and particularly post-tuberculous forms clearly predominate. It is always necessary to perform the appropriate complementary tests, as highlighted in all bronchiectasis guidelines, to exclude at least the treatable etiologies (treatable trait), since this is undoubtedly associated with a better patient prognosis.

Keywords:

Bronchiectasis

registry

etiology

infection

COPD

asthma

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