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Vol. 61. Issue 5.
Pages 290-298 (May 2025)
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Vol. 61. Issue 5.
Pages 290-298 (May 2025)
Review Article
Respiratory Diseases in Women
Visits
1963
MeiLan K. Hana, Michal Shteinbergb, Deborah Assayagc, Florence Schleichd, Martino Pengoe,f, Victoria M. Sciclunaa, Carolina Lombardie,f, Miriam Barrechegureng,h,
Corresponding author
, Luis Jara-Palomaresi,h
a University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
b Pulmonology Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Carmel Medical Center and the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, the B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
c Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
d University of Liege, Belgium, GIGA I3, Respiratory Medicine CHU of Liege, Belgium
e Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
f Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
g Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
h CIBERES, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
i Respiratory Department, Virgen del Rocío Hospital and Instituto de Biomedicina, Sevilla, Spain
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Table 1. Differences in Epidemiology and Symptoms Between Men and Women.
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Abstract

Respiratory diseases exhibit diverse patterns in prevalence, clinical presentations, and outcomes between men and women. Historically, certain conditions were more prevalent in men, but trends have shifted, highlighting the need to understand sex disparities in respiratory health. Social, environmental, and healthcare changes have reshaped the landscape of respiratory diseases, complicating diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, the underrepresentation of women in clinical trials has limited our understanding of their specific needs. In this review, we explore the sex differences in the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and presentation of respiratory diseases, emphasizing the importance of tailored approaches to diagnosis and management. By recognizing and addressing these disparities, we can advance toward more equitable and effective respiratory healthcare for all individuals.

Keywords:
Women
Respiratory diseases
COPD
ILD
Asthma
Vascular diseases
Bronchiectasis
Sex
Female

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