array:23 [
  "pii" => "S0300289624000012"
  "issn" => "03002896"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2023.12.017"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-03-01"
  "aid" => "3463"
  "copyright" => "SEPAR"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2024"
  "documento" => "simple-article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "subdocumento" => "crp"
  "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2024;60:183-5"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0300289624000036"
    "issn" => "03002896"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2024.01.002"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-03-01"
    "aid" => "3465"
    "copyright" => "SEPAR"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "crp"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2024;60:186-90"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Scientific Letter</span>"
      "titulo" => "Methodology Employed to Develop the Airway Mucus Secretion Test &#40;T-SEC&#41;&#58; A Questionnaire to Evaluate Airway Mucus Hypersecretion in Patients With Asthma"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "186"
          "paginaFinal" => "190"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0005"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 3697
              "Ancho" => 3341
              "Tamanyo" => 1145325
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">T-SEC&#58; English translation and original version in Spanish&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Esther Palones, Juan Luis Garc&#237;a-Rivero, Carolina Cisneros, Carlos Almonacid-S&#225;nchez, Luis P&#233;rez-de Llano, Vicente Plaza, Astrid Crespo-Lessmann"
          "autores" => array:8 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Esther"
              "apellidos" => "Palones"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Juan Luis"
              "apellidos" => "Garc&#237;a-Rivero"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Carolina"
              "apellidos" => "Cisneros"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Carlos"
              "apellidos" => "Almonacid-S&#225;nchez"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Luis"
              "apellidos" => "P&#233;rez-de Llano"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Vicente"
              "apellidos" => "Plaza"
            ]
            6 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Astrid"
              "apellidos" => "Crespo-Lessmann"
            ]
            7 => array:1 [
              "colaborador" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Neumolog&#237;a y Cirug&#237;a Tor&#225;cica &#40;SEPAR&#41; Asthma Integrated Research Programme &#40;PII&#41; participants"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289624000036?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/03002896/0000006000000003/v3_202406110502/S0300289624000036/v3_202406110502/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0300289624000127"
    "issn" => "03002896"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2024.01.010"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-03-01"
    "aid" => "3474"
    "copyright" => "SEPAR"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "sco"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2024;60:181-2"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Clinical Image</span>"
      "titulo" => "Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysms in Cannonball Metastases"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "181"
          "paginaFinal" => "182"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0005"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1735
              "Ancho" => 2007
              "Tamanyo" => 432769
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;A&#44; B&#41; Cannonball metastases in both lungs on X-ray and thorax CT&#46; &#40;C&#41; Maximum intensity projection image showing the largest pseudoaneurysm &#40;arrow&#41; and the terminal branches of the pulmonary artery &#40;arrowheads&#41;&#46; &#40;D&#41; The color intensity of the pseudoaneurysm indicated by the arrow in the color mapping obtained by thoracic CT fusion is the same as that of the right ventricle &#40;&#42;&#41;&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Esat Kaba, Merve Solak, Nur H&#252;rsoy"
          "autores" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Esat"
              "apellidos" => "Kaba"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Merve"
              "apellidos" => "Solak"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Nur"
              "apellidos" => "H&#252;rsoy"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289624000127?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/03002896/0000006000000003/v3_202406110502/S0300289624000127/v3_202406110502/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Scientific Letter</span>"
    "titulo" => "Peripheral Blood MxA Levels During a First Acute Wheezing Episode and the Link to Childhood Asthma"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "saludo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">To the Director</span>&#44;"
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "183"
        "paginaFinal" => "185"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Heidi Makrinioti, Kiara Homil, Pekka Hurme, Riku Erkkola, Lotta Kinnunen, Zhaozhong Zhu, Matti Waris, Carlos A&#46; Camargo, Kohei Hasegawa, Tuomas Jartti"
        "autores" => array:10 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Heidi"
            "apellidos" => "Makrinioti"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "cmakrynioti@mgh.harvard.edu"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Kiara"
            "apellidos" => "Homil"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Pekka"
            "apellidos" => "Hurme"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Riku"
            "apellidos" => "Erkkola"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Lotta"
            "apellidos" => "Kinnunen"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0020"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Zhaozhong"
            "apellidos" => "Zhu"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Matti"
            "apellidos" => "Waris"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0025"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          7 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Carlos A&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Camargo"
            "sufijo" => "Jr&#46;"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          8 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Kohei"
            "apellidos" => "Hasegawa"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          9 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Tuomas"
            "apellidos" => "Jartti"
            "referencia" => array:3 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
              2 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0020"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:5 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Emergency Medicine&#44; Massachusetts General Hospital&#44; Harvard Medical School&#44; Boston&#44; MA&#44; USA"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Paediatrics&#44; Turku University Hospital and University of Turku&#44; Turku&#44; Finland"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Research Unit of Clinical Medicine&#44; Medical Research Centre&#44; University of Oulu&#44; Oulu&#44; Finland"
            "etiqueta" => "c"
            "identificador" => "aff0015"
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Paediatrics&#44; Oulu University Hospital&#44; Oulu&#44; Finland"
            "etiqueta" => "d"
            "identificador" => "aff0020"
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Clinical Microbiology&#44; Turku University Hospital&#44; Turku&#44; Finland"
            "etiqueta" => "e"
            "identificador" => "aff0025"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1713
            "Ancho" => 2508
            "Tamanyo" => 214822
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A multi-panel graphical representation illustrating the key findings of the study&#46;</p> <p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;A&#41;&#58; Relationships of peripheral blood MxA levels with the development of asthma in infants hospitalized with a first wheezing episode&#46; The fitted line represents a locally estimated scatterplot smoothed &#40;loess&#41; curve&#46; The grey bar represents the range in which 95&#37; of corresponding data are present&#46;</p> <p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;B&#41;&#58; This Venn diagram describes the frequency of respiratory viruses detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates from infants in the VINKU2 analytical sub-cohort &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>106 in total&#41;&#46; The left circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; yellow&#41; includes RSV-positive cases&#46; The middle circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; light blue&#41; includes cases positive as solo or a coinfection for human metapneumovirus&#44; influenza&#44; parainfluenza&#44; adenovirus&#44; or bocavirus&#44; but not RSV or rhinovirus &#40;RV&#41;&#46; The right circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; pink&#41; includes RV-positive cases&#46; The intersections between the left&#44; middle&#44; and right circles include three groups&#59; the RSV-other viruses coinfections&#44; the RSV-RV-double positive cases&#44; and the RSV-RV-other viruses coinfections&#46; Similarly&#44; the intersections between the right&#44; middle&#44; and left circles include three groups&#59; the RSV-other viruses coinfections&#44; the RSV-RV-double positive cases&#44; and the RSV-RV-other viruses coinfections&#46;</p> <p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;C&#41;&#58; The violin plots depict statistically significant differences in mean peripheral blood MxA levels &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; in microgram&#47;ml&#41; in infants hospitalized with an RV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47&#41; as compared to an RSV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41; first wheezing episode &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#44; as well as in infants hospitalized with an RV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47&#41; as compared to RV-coinfections &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>21&#41; first wheezing episode &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; The RV-coinfections group is consistent with the description followed in the Venn diagram in Panel &#40;B&#41;&#46; Comparisons have been made with the Mann&#8211;Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test&#46;</p> <p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MxA&#44; myxovirus resistance protein 1&#59; RSV&#44; respiratory syncytial virus&#59; RV&#44; rhinovirus&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Severe wheezing episodes &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; wheezing illnesses requiring hospitalisation&#41; in early life are associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> In terms of pathophysiology&#44; this association is primarily ascribed to an interplay between environmental factors &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; respiratory viruses&#41; and host innate immune responses&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> while interferons &#40;IFN&#41; and IFN-stimulated genes &#40;ISG&#41; are considered to play a key role in the latter&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> These mediators limit respiratory virus replication early on&#44; thereby preventing chronic airway inflammation&#44; a key feature of asthma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> There are more than one thousand ISGs&#44; but attention has focused on the myxovirus resistance &#40;Mx&#41; genes&#44; since the expression of these genes and their products &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; IFNs&#41; have a broad inhibitory role in terms of respiratory virus replication and may act prior to genome replication at an early post-entry step of the respiratory virus life cycle&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a> Specifically&#44; some structural analyses have shown that Mx proteins interact with viral ribonucleoprotein complexes&#46; The affinity of this interaction may be low&#44; possibly explaining the broad target specificity of Mx proteins&#46; However&#44; the interaction between low-affinity Mx protein and viral ribonucleoprotein can trigger the assembly of Mx proteins into oligomers and the subsequent disassembly of viral target structures&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> The current understanding is that in infants and older children with severe respiratory viral infections&#44; high peripheral blood MxA &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; the protein encoded by the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MX1</span> gene&#41; levels indicate viral rather than bacterial pathogens&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> This increase in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MX1</span> expression has also been confirmed in an age-dependent manner in children presenting with a wheezing exacerbation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> However&#44; no evidence is yet available to suggest a link between peripheral blood MxA levels in early-life wheezing illnesses and the risk of developing asthma&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To identify the evidence&#44; we analysed biological data from the Viral Inception of Asthma &#40;VINKU2&#41; study&#44; the design of which is described elsewhere&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> The VINKU2 cohort inclusion criteria were age 3&#8211;23 months&#44; delivery at 36 weeks of gestation or older&#44; first wheezing episode &#40;based on parental report and confirmed from medical records&#41;&#44; ongoing signs of lower respiratory tract symptoms &#40;cough&#44; noisy breathing&#44; or wheezing&#41;&#44; and written informed consent from a caregiver&#46; Since the exposure of interest for this paper was peripheral blood MxA levels&#44; our analytical cohort consisted of 106 infants with available peripheral blood MxA data&#46; MxA protein was detected in diluted 1&#58;20 blood samples using ELISA&#46; A multiplex polymerase chain reaction &#40;PCR&#41; test was used for the detection of rhinovirus &#40;RV&#41; A and B&#44; respiratory syncytial virus &#40;RSV&#41; A and B&#44; parainfluenza virus types 1&#8211;3&#44; human metapneumovirus&#44; adenovirus&#44; coronavirus &#40;229E&#44; NL63&#44; OC43&#44; and HKU1&#41;&#44; and influenza A and B virus from frozen samples&#46; Human bocavirus-1 was analysed by using PCR and serology&#44; as previously described&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> The primary outcome was the development of asthma by the age of 8 years&#44; documented in either a physician report or healthcare insurance registries&#46; These data were successfully obtained from 86 &#40;81&#37;&#41; of 106 infants&#46; As an exploratory outcome&#44; we investigated whether peripheral blood MxA was secreted at different levels in children with only RV or only RSV illness&#46; Potential confounders &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; age&#44; history of eczema&#44; parental asthma&#44; and treatment with prednisolone&#41; were accounted for in the model&#46; The role of smoking in the home was investigated as a possible effect modifier&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Recruited patients were screened for respiratory viral infections&#44; as described previously&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> We examined the between-groups differences in the infants&#8217; baseline characteristics and virology&#44; using the Mann&#8211;Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test and Chi-square tests as appropriate&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Of 106 infants hospitalized with a first wheezing episode&#44; the median age was 12 months and 33&#37; were girls &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; After adjusting for confounders&#44; we observed that a 1 unit &#40;&#956;g&#47;ml&#41; increase in MxA levels was associated with a 4&#46;7-fold chance of developing asthma by the age of 8 years &#40;adjusted OR 4&#46;7&#44; 95&#37; CI 1&#46;2&#8211;18&#46;9&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;042&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41;&#46; This association was not modified by smoking in the home &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-interaction<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;99&#41;&#46; The frequency of respiratory viruses detected in this analytical cohort can be seen in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>B&#46; The exploratory analysis showed that infants with RV infection only had significantly lower peripheral blood MxA levels than infants with RSV-only and with RSV-RV coinfections &#40;both <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#44; respectively&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>C&#41;&#46; The statistical analysis and figures were produced using R Version 4&#46;2&#46;3 and STATA&#47;BE 17&#46;0 software&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To the best of our knowledge&#44; this is the first study of infants hospitalised with a first wheezing episode that suggests that peripheral blood MxA levels are associated with a high risk of childhood asthma&#46; This observation is interesting&#44; particularly following evidence from birth cohort studies showing that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MX1</span> polymorphisms may be associated with an increased risk of asthma exacerbations at school age&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;12</span></a> If these data can be confirmed in a larger cohort providing additional evidence of specificity&#44; sensitivity and positive predictive value&#44; peripheral blood MxA could be proposed as a biomarker for childhood asthma&#46; This could prove beneficial&#44; given that peripheral blood MxA levels can be readily identified in point-of-care testing&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We also analysed the available respiratory virus data for RSV-only and RV-only positive groups&#44; and for groups with RSV-RV coinfection&#46; Interestingly&#44; despite the limited sample size&#44; our results in RSV- and RV-only positive groups are in line with reported observational and mechanistic evidence&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;13</span></a> To be more precise&#44; we noted among infants hospitalised with a first wheezing episode that those who tested positive for RSV alone showed the highest MxA levels&#46; A similar trend in RSV-positive children was also observed in a Swedish study&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Furthermore&#44; mechanistic data have shown that in RV infection&#44; ciliated epithelial cells express lower levels of ISGs&#44; possibly through a mechanism that facilitates RV replication&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> This reported mechanism could possibly explain our findings in infants positive for RV only&#46; While we would expect an association between reduced ISG expression and increased asthma risk&#44; this association seems to be more complex than expected&#46; For instance&#44; data from a multicentre bronchiolitis study reveal that infants with RSV-positive bronchiolitis and increased IFN transcription &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; linked to probable increased ISG expression&#41; in their nasal airway samples were actually at a greater risk of developing asthma during their school years than infants with RSV-bronchiolitis and reduced IFN transcription in nasal airway samples&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Further study is needed to clarify if this is related to the respiratory virus type&#46; Another factor that needs to be considered is the timing &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; how many days since the onset of symptoms&#41; in the context of the wheezing illness hospitalisation&#46; For example&#44; we know that in adult patients with asthma&#44; IFN expression in response to respiratory virus stimulation is lower than in control patients&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Nevertheless&#44; recent evidence from an in vitro model showed that IFN deficiency may be associated with increased respiratory virus replication and a subsequent increase in IFN and ISG expression&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> Furthermore&#44; infection with different respiratory viruses may be associated with diverse immune responses in the context of a wheezing illness&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> In this study&#44; we have taken a different approach to the definition of respiratory virus aetiology for analytical purposes&#46; For example&#44; in the statistical analysis&#44; we opted to analyse data by &#8220;virus-only-positive&#8221; groups based on emerging evidence indicating that respiratory viral coinfections&#44; within the scope of a lower respiratory viral illness&#44; may define groups with unique pathophysiological characteristics&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Despite its strengths&#44; our study also has several potential limitations&#46; Firstly&#44; the study size in terms of the primary outcome is limited &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86&#41;&#44; although we did observe a significant association between peripheral blood MxA and asthma development up to the age of 8 years&#46; Our study findings provide preliminary evidence that warrants further testing in a larger cohort&#46; Secondly&#44; this study does not have data on asthma phenotypes&#46; The sample size was too small to derive a firm conclusion as to whether peripheral blood MxA could be a more specific marker of childhood asthma development in children with RSV-positive wheezing illnesses&#46; The initial findings from our analysis&#44; however&#44; indicate that this concept should be examined in a larger group of patients&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To summarise&#44; this is the first study to demonstrate a link between peripheral blood MxA levels in infants hospitalised with a first wheezing episode and the development of childhood asthma&#46; The findings are preliminary but significant and warrant further investigation in a larger group of patients&#46; This evidence&#44; when validated&#44; may help design a crucial strategy for the prevention of childhood asthma&#44; which remains a public health priority&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Con&#64258;ict of Interests</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors state that they have no con&#64258;ict of interests&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:2 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Con&#64258;ict of Interests"
        ]
        1 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "multimedia" => array:2 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1713
            "Ancho" => 2508
            "Tamanyo" => 214822
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A multi-panel graphical representation illustrating the key findings of the study&#46;</p> <p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;A&#41;&#58; Relationships of peripheral blood MxA levels with the development of asthma in infants hospitalized with a first wheezing episode&#46; The fitted line represents a locally estimated scatterplot smoothed &#40;loess&#41; curve&#46; The grey bar represents the range in which 95&#37; of corresponding data are present&#46;</p> <p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;B&#41;&#58; This Venn diagram describes the frequency of respiratory viruses detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates from infants in the VINKU2 analytical sub-cohort &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>106 in total&#41;&#46; The left circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; yellow&#41; includes RSV-positive cases&#46; The middle circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; light blue&#41; includes cases positive as solo or a coinfection for human metapneumovirus&#44; influenza&#44; parainfluenza&#44; adenovirus&#44; or bocavirus&#44; but not RSV or rhinovirus &#40;RV&#41;&#46; The right circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; pink&#41; includes RV-positive cases&#46; The intersections between the left&#44; middle&#44; and right circles include three groups&#59; the RSV-other viruses coinfections&#44; the RSV-RV-double positive cases&#44; and the RSV-RV-other viruses coinfections&#46; Similarly&#44; the intersections between the right&#44; middle&#44; and left circles include three groups&#59; the RSV-other viruses coinfections&#44; the RSV-RV-double positive cases&#44; and the RSV-RV-other viruses coinfections&#46;</p> <p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;C&#41;&#58; The violin plots depict statistically significant differences in mean peripheral blood MxA levels &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; in microgram&#47;ml&#41; in infants hospitalized with an RV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47&#41; as compared to an RSV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41; first wheezing episode &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#44; as well as in infants hospitalized with an RV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47&#41; as compared to RV-coinfections &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>21&#41; first wheezing episode &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; The RV-coinfections group is consistent with the description followed in the Venn diagram in Panel &#40;B&#41;&#46; Comparisons have been made with the Mann&#8211;Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test&#46;</p> <p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MxA&#44; myxovirus resistance protein 1&#59; RSV&#44; respiratory syncytial virus&#59; RV&#44; rhinovirus&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Note</span>&#58; Data are <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span> &#40;&#37;&#41; of children unless otherwise indicated&#46;</p><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MxA&#58; myxovirus resistance protein 1&#59; RSV&#58; respiratory syncytial virus&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Patient Characteristics&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Overall&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>106&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Asthma by Age of 8 Years<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86&#41;</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-Value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Yes&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>33&#59; 38&#46;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">No&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>53&#59; 61&#46;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Demographics</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Age &#40;months&#41; median &#40;IQR&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;96 &#40;6&#46;7&#8211;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&#46;3 &#40;8&#46;55&#8211;11&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12&#46;8 &#40;11&#46;1&#8211;14&#46;01&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female sex&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">35 &#40;33&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;24&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;43&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;07&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>History of eczema&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;28&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;36&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">13 &#40;25&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Parental asthma&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47 &#40;44&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">18 &#40;55&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22 &#40;42&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Parental smoking&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;28&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;33&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;36&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;81&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peripheral blood cytokine levels</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MxA levels &#40;&#956;g&#47;L&#41; median &#40;IQR&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">281 &#40;181&#8211;474&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">314 &#40;242&#8211;684&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">212 &#40;157&#8211;383&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Respiratory virus data</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>RSV-only&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;96&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>RSV-rhinovirus only&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;7&#46;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Rhinovirus-only&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47 &#40;44&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16 &#40;48&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;43&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Virus-only &#40;other&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab3564716.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Physician report or data from healthcare insurance registries for asthma at any point during an 8-year follow-up&#46;</p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Infections with a single respiratory virus agent other than RSV and rhinovirus &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; human metapneumovirus&#44; influenza&#44; parainfluenza&#44; adenovirus&#44; or bocavirus&#41;&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Demographic Characteristics and Respiratory Virus Detection in the VINKU2 Analytical Sub-cohort &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>106 in total&#41; and Participants With Complete Asthma Diagnostic Data Asthma Diagnosis by the Age of 8 Years &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86 in Total&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0015"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:17 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0090"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Early life rhinovirus wheezing&#44; allergic sensitization&#44; and asthma risk at adolescence"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "F&#46;J&#46; Rubner"
                            1 => "D&#46;J&#46; Jackson"
                            2 => "M&#46;D&#46; Evans"
                            3 => "R&#46;E&#46; Gangnon"
                            4 => "C&#46;J&#46; Tisler"
                            5 => "T&#46;E&#46; Pappas"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.049"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Allergy Clin Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "139"
                        "paginaInicial" => "501"
                        "paginaFinal" => "507"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27312820"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0095"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Wheezing rhinovirus illnesses in early life predict asthma development in high-risk children"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "D&#46;J&#46; Jackson"
                            1 => "R&#46;E&#46; Gangnon"
                            2 => "M&#46;D&#46; Evans"
                            3 => "K&#46;A&#46; Roberg"
                            4 => "E&#46;L&#46; Anderson"
                            5 => "T&#46;E&#46; Pappas"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1164/rccm.200802-309OC"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "178"
                        "paginaInicial" => "667"
                        "paginaFinal" => "672"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0100"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Integrated omics endotyping of infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and risk of childhood asthma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Raita"
                            1 => "M&#46; Perez-Losada"
                            2 => "R&#46;J&#46; Freishtat"
                            3 => "B&#46; Harmon"
                            4 => "J&#46;M&#46; Mansbach"
                            5 => "P&#46;A&#46; Piedra"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/s41467-021-23859-6"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nat Commun"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3601"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34127671"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0105"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Developmental regulation of type 1 and type 3 interferon production and risk for infant infections and asthma development"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46;G&#46; Holt"
                            1 => "D&#46; Mok"
                            2 => "D&#46; Panda"
                            3 => "L&#46; Renn"
                            4 => "G&#46; Fabozzi"
                            5 => "N&#46;H&#46; deKlerk"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.035"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Allergy Clin Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "143"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1176"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1182&#46;e5"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30217468"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0110"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Induction of MxA gene expression by influenza A virus requires type I or type III interferon signaling"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Holzinger"
                            1 => "C&#46; Jorns"
                            2 => "S&#46; Stertz"
                            3 => "S&#46; Boisson-Dupuis"
                            4 => "R&#46; Thimme"
                            5 => "M&#46; Weidmann"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1128/JVI.00546-06"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Virol"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "81"
                        "paginaInicial" => "7776"
                        "paginaFinal" => "7785"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17494065"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0115"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Interferon-stimulated genes&#58; a complex web of host defenses"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "W&#46;M&#46; Schneider"
                            1 => "M&#46;D&#46; Chevillotte"
                            2 => "C&#46;M&#46; Rice"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120231"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Annu Rev Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "32"
                        "paginaInicial" => "513"
                        "paginaFinal" => "545"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24555472"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0120"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mx proteins&#58; antiviral gatekeepers that restrain the uninvited"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Verhelst"
                            1 => "P&#46; Hulpiau"
                            2 => "X&#46; Saelens"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1128/MMBR.00024-13"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "77"
                        "paginaInicial" => "551"
                        "paginaFinal" => "566"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24296571"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0125"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Myxovirus resistance protein A for discriminating between viral and bacterial lower respiratory tract infections in children &#8211; the TREND study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Rhedin"
                            1 => "A&#46; Eklundh"
                            2 => "M&#46; Ryd-Rinder"
                            3 => "V&#46; Peltola"
                            4 => "M&#46; Waris"
                            5 => "J&#46; Gantelius"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.cmi.2022.05.008"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Microbiol Infect"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1251"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1257"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35597507"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0130"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Increased lymphoid MxA expression in acute asthma exacerbation in children"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Itazawa"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Adachi"
                            2 => "H&#46; Imamura"
                            3 => "Y&#46; Okabe"
                            4 => "J&#46; Yamamoto"
                            5 => "Y&#46; Onoue"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00312.x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Allergy"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "56"
                        "paginaInicial" => "895"
                        "paginaFinal" => "898"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11551256"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0135"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Short- and long-term efficacy of prednisolone for first acute rhinovirus-induced wheezing episode"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Jartti"
                            1 => "R&#46; Nieminen"
                            2 => "T&#46; Vuorinen"
                            3 => "P&#46; Lehtinen"
                            4 => "T&#46; Vahlberg"
                            5 => "J&#46; Gern"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.001"
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Allergy Clin Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "135"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0140"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Direct and second hand cigarette smoke exposure and development of childhood asthma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46;H&#46; Gopal"
                            1 => "S&#46; Mukherjee"
                            2 => "S&#46;K&#46; Das"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.15436/2378-6841.16.1122"
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Environ Health Sci"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "2"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29399637"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0145"
              "etiqueta" => "12"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Genetic associations with viral respiratory illnesses and asthma control in children"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "D&#46;A&#46; Loisel"
                            1 => "G&#46; Du"
                            2 => "T&#46;S&#46; Ahluwalia"
                            3 => "C&#46;J&#46; Tisler"
                            4 => "M&#46;D&#46; Evans"
                            5 => "R&#46;A&#46; Myers"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/cea.12642"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Exp Allergy"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "46"
                        "paginaInicial" => "112"
                        "paginaFinal" => "124"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26399222"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0150"
              "etiqueta" => "13"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Rhinovirus C causes heterogeneous infection and gene expression in airway epithelial cell subsets"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Basnet"
                            1 => "C&#46; Mohanty"
                            2 => "Y&#46;A&#46; Bochkov"
                            3 => "R&#46;A&#46; Brockman-Schneider"
                            4 => "C&#46; Kendziorski"
                            5 => "J&#46;E&#46; Gern"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.01.008"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mucosal Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2023"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "386"
                        "paginaFinal" => "398"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36796588"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0155"
              "etiqueta" => "14"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Role of deficient type III interferon-lambda production in asthma exacerbations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Contoli"
                            1 => "S&#46;D&#46; Message"
                            2 => "V&#46; Laza-Stanca"
                            3 => "M&#46;R&#46; Edwards"
                            4 => "P&#46;A&#46;B&#46; Wark"
                            5 => "N&#46;W&#46; Bartlett"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/nm1462"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nat Med"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1023"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1026"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16906156"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0160"
              "etiqueta" => "15"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "In vivo bronchial epithelial interferon responses are augmented in asthma on day 4 following experimental rhinovirus infection"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "H&#46; Farne"
                            1 => "L&#46; Lin"
                            2 => "D&#46;J&#46; Jackson"
                            3 => "M&#46; Rattray"
                            4 => "A&#46; Simpson"
                            5 => "A&#46; Custovic"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217389"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Thorax"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "77"
                        "paginaInicial" => "929"
                        "paginaFinal" => "932"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35790388"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0165"
              "etiqueta" => "16"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cytokine expression in rhinovirus- vs&#46; respiratory syncytial virus-induced first wheezing episode and its relation to clinical course"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Hurme"
                            1 => "M&#46; Komulainen"
                            2 => "M&#46; Tulkki"
                            3 => "A&#46; Leino"
                            4 => "B&#46; R&#252;ckert"
                            5 => "R&#46; Turunen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.3389/fimmu.2022.1044621"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Front Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1044621"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36451824"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0170"
              "etiqueta" => "17"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Coinfection by influenza A virus and respiratory syncytial virus produces hybrid virus particles"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Haney"
                            1 => "S&#46; Vijayakrishnan"
                            2 => "J&#46; Streetley"
                            3 => "K&#46; Dee"
                            4 => "D&#46;M&#46; Goldfarb"
                            5 => "M&#46; Clarke"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/s41564-022-01242-5"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nat Microbiol"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1879"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1890"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36280786"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/03002896/0000006000000003/v3_202406110502/S0300289624000012/v3_202406110502/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "93560"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "es" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Scientific Letters"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/03002896/0000006000000003/v3_202406110502/S0300289624000012/v3_202406110502/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://www.archbronconeumol.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289624000012?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
]
Share
Journal Information

Statistics

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Scientific Letter
Peripheral Blood MxA Levels During a First Acute Wheezing Episode and the Link to Childhood Asthma
Heidi Makriniotia,
Corresponding author
cmakrynioti@mgh.harvard.edu

Corresponding author.
, Kiara Homilb, Pekka Hurmeb, Riku Erkkolac, Lotta Kinnunenc,d, Zhaozhong Zhua, Matti Warise, Carlos A. Camargo Jr.a, Kohei Hasegawaa, Tuomas Jarttib,c,d
a Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
b Department of Paediatrics, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
c Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Medical Research Centre, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
d Department of Paediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
e Department of Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
Read
222
Times
was read the article
73
Total PDF
149
Total HTML
Share statistics
 array:23 [
  "pii" => "S0300289624000012"
  "issn" => "03002896"
  "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2023.12.017"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-03-01"
  "aid" => "3463"
  "copyright" => "SEPAR"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2024"
  "documento" => "simple-article"
  "crossmark" => 1
  "subdocumento" => "crp"
  "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2024;60:183-5"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:1 [
    "total" => 0
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0300289624000036"
    "issn" => "03002896"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2024.01.002"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-03-01"
    "aid" => "3465"
    "copyright" => "SEPAR"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "crp"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2024;60:186-90"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Scientific Letter</span>"
      "titulo" => "Methodology Employed to Develop the Airway Mucus Secretion Test &#40;T-SEC&#41;&#58; A Questionnaire to Evaluate Airway Mucus Hypersecretion in Patients With Asthma"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "186"
          "paginaFinal" => "190"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0005"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 3697
              "Ancho" => 3341
              "Tamanyo" => 1145325
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">T-SEC&#58; English translation and original version in Spanish&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Esther Palones, Juan Luis Garc&#237;a-Rivero, Carolina Cisneros, Carlos Almonacid-S&#225;nchez, Luis P&#233;rez-de Llano, Vicente Plaza, Astrid Crespo-Lessmann"
          "autores" => array:8 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Esther"
              "apellidos" => "Palones"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Juan Luis"
              "apellidos" => "Garc&#237;a-Rivero"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Carolina"
              "apellidos" => "Cisneros"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Carlos"
              "apellidos" => "Almonacid-S&#225;nchez"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Luis"
              "apellidos" => "P&#233;rez-de Llano"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Vicente"
              "apellidos" => "Plaza"
            ]
            6 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Astrid"
              "apellidos" => "Crespo-Lessmann"
            ]
            7 => array:1 [
              "colaborador" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Neumolog&#237;a y Cirug&#237;a Tor&#225;cica &#40;SEPAR&#41; Asthma Integrated Research Programme &#40;PII&#41; participants"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289624000036?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/03002896/0000006000000003/v3_202406110502/S0300289624000036/v3_202406110502/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0300289624000127"
    "issn" => "03002896"
    "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2024.01.010"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2024-03-01"
    "aid" => "3474"
    "copyright" => "SEPAR"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 1
    "subdocumento" => "sco"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2024;60:181-2"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:1 [
      "total" => 0
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Clinical Image</span>"
      "titulo" => "Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysms in Cannonball Metastases"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en"
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "181"
          "paginaFinal" => "182"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
        "original" => 0
        "multimedia" => array:7 [
          "identificador" => "fig0005"
          "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
          "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
          "mostrarFloat" => true
          "mostrarDisplay" => false
          "figura" => array:1 [
            0 => array:4 [
              "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
              "Alto" => 1735
              "Ancho" => 2007
              "Tamanyo" => 432769
            ]
          ]
          "descripcion" => array:1 [
            "en" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;A&#44; B&#41; Cannonball metastases in both lungs on X-ray and thorax CT&#46; &#40;C&#41; Maximum intensity projection image showing the largest pseudoaneurysm &#40;arrow&#41; and the terminal branches of the pulmonary artery &#40;arrowheads&#41;&#46; &#40;D&#41; The color intensity of the pseudoaneurysm indicated by the arrow in the color mapping obtained by thoracic CT fusion is the same as that of the right ventricle &#40;&#42;&#41;&#46;</p>"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Esat Kaba, Merve Solak, Nur H&#252;rsoy"
          "autores" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Esat"
              "apellidos" => "Kaba"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Merve"
              "apellidos" => "Solak"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Nur"
              "apellidos" => "H&#252;rsoy"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289624000127?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/03002896/0000006000000003/v3_202406110502/S0300289624000127/v3_202406110502/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Scientific Letter</span>"
    "titulo" => "Peripheral Blood MxA Levels During a First Acute Wheezing Episode and the Link to Childhood Asthma"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => true
    "saludo" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">To the Director</span>&#44;"
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "183"
        "paginaFinal" => "185"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Heidi Makrinioti, Kiara Homil, Pekka Hurme, Riku Erkkola, Lotta Kinnunen, Zhaozhong Zhu, Matti Waris, Carlos A&#46; Camargo, Kohei Hasegawa, Tuomas Jartti"
        "autores" => array:10 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Heidi"
            "apellidos" => "Makrinioti"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "cmakrynioti@mgh.harvard.edu"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Kiara"
            "apellidos" => "Homil"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Pekka"
            "apellidos" => "Hurme"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Riku"
            "apellidos" => "Erkkola"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Lotta"
            "apellidos" => "Kinnunen"
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0020"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Zhaozhong"
            "apellidos" => "Zhu"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          6 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Matti"
            "apellidos" => "Waris"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0025"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          7 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Carlos A&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Camargo"
            "sufijo" => "Jr&#46;"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          8 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Kohei"
            "apellidos" => "Hasegawa"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          9 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Tuomas"
            "apellidos" => "Jartti"
            "referencia" => array:3 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
              2 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0020"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:5 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Emergency Medicine&#44; Massachusetts General Hospital&#44; Harvard Medical School&#44; Boston&#44; MA&#44; USA"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Paediatrics&#44; Turku University Hospital and University of Turku&#44; Turku&#44; Finland"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Research Unit of Clinical Medicine&#44; Medical Research Centre&#44; University of Oulu&#44; Oulu&#44; Finland"
            "etiqueta" => "c"
            "identificador" => "aff0015"
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Paediatrics&#44; Oulu University Hospital&#44; Oulu&#44; Finland"
            "etiqueta" => "d"
            "identificador" => "aff0020"
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Department of Clinical Microbiology&#44; Turku University Hospital&#44; Turku&#44; Finland"
            "etiqueta" => "e"
            "identificador" => "aff0025"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [
      "original" => 0
      "multimedia" => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1713
            "Ancho" => 2508
            "Tamanyo" => 214822
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A multi-panel graphical representation illustrating the key findings of the study&#46;</p> <p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;A&#41;&#58; Relationships of peripheral blood MxA levels with the development of asthma in infants hospitalized with a first wheezing episode&#46; The fitted line represents a locally estimated scatterplot smoothed &#40;loess&#41; curve&#46; The grey bar represents the range in which 95&#37; of corresponding data are present&#46;</p> <p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;B&#41;&#58; This Venn diagram describes the frequency of respiratory viruses detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates from infants in the VINKU2 analytical sub-cohort &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>106 in total&#41;&#46; The left circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; yellow&#41; includes RSV-positive cases&#46; The middle circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; light blue&#41; includes cases positive as solo or a coinfection for human metapneumovirus&#44; influenza&#44; parainfluenza&#44; adenovirus&#44; or bocavirus&#44; but not RSV or rhinovirus &#40;RV&#41;&#46; The right circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; pink&#41; includes RV-positive cases&#46; The intersections between the left&#44; middle&#44; and right circles include three groups&#59; the RSV-other viruses coinfections&#44; the RSV-RV-double positive cases&#44; and the RSV-RV-other viruses coinfections&#46; Similarly&#44; the intersections between the right&#44; middle&#44; and left circles include three groups&#59; the RSV-other viruses coinfections&#44; the RSV-RV-double positive cases&#44; and the RSV-RV-other viruses coinfections&#46;</p> <p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;C&#41;&#58; The violin plots depict statistically significant differences in mean peripheral blood MxA levels &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; in microgram&#47;ml&#41; in infants hospitalized with an RV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47&#41; as compared to an RSV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41; first wheezing episode &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#44; as well as in infants hospitalized with an RV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47&#41; as compared to RV-coinfections &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>21&#41; first wheezing episode &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; The RV-coinfections group is consistent with the description followed in the Venn diagram in Panel &#40;B&#41;&#46; Comparisons have been made with the Mann&#8211;Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test&#46;</p> <p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MxA&#44; myxovirus resistance protein 1&#59; RSV&#44; respiratory syncytial virus&#59; RV&#44; rhinovirus&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Severe wheezing episodes &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; wheezing illnesses requiring hospitalisation&#41; in early life are associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> In terms of pathophysiology&#44; this association is primarily ascribed to an interplay between environmental factors &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; respiratory viruses&#41; and host innate immune responses&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> while interferons &#40;IFN&#41; and IFN-stimulated genes &#40;ISG&#41; are considered to play a key role in the latter&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> These mediators limit respiratory virus replication early on&#44; thereby preventing chronic airway inflammation&#44; a key feature of asthma&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> There are more than one thousand ISGs&#44; but attention has focused on the myxovirus resistance &#40;Mx&#41; genes&#44; since the expression of these genes and their products &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; IFNs&#41; have a broad inhibitory role in terms of respiratory virus replication and may act prior to genome replication at an early post-entry step of the respiratory virus life cycle&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a> Specifically&#44; some structural analyses have shown that Mx proteins interact with viral ribonucleoprotein complexes&#46; The affinity of this interaction may be low&#44; possibly explaining the broad target specificity of Mx proteins&#46; However&#44; the interaction between low-affinity Mx protein and viral ribonucleoprotein can trigger the assembly of Mx proteins into oligomers and the subsequent disassembly of viral target structures&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a> The current understanding is that in infants and older children with severe respiratory viral infections&#44; high peripheral blood MxA &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; the protein encoded by the <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MX1</span> gene&#41; levels indicate viral rather than bacterial pathogens&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> This increase in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MX1</span> expression has also been confirmed in an age-dependent manner in children presenting with a wheezing exacerbation&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> However&#44; no evidence is yet available to suggest a link between peripheral blood MxA levels in early-life wheezing illnesses and the risk of developing asthma&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To identify the evidence&#44; we analysed biological data from the Viral Inception of Asthma &#40;VINKU2&#41; study&#44; the design of which is described elsewhere&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> The VINKU2 cohort inclusion criteria were age 3&#8211;23 months&#44; delivery at 36 weeks of gestation or older&#44; first wheezing episode &#40;based on parental report and confirmed from medical records&#41;&#44; ongoing signs of lower respiratory tract symptoms &#40;cough&#44; noisy breathing&#44; or wheezing&#41;&#44; and written informed consent from a caregiver&#46; Since the exposure of interest for this paper was peripheral blood MxA levels&#44; our analytical cohort consisted of 106 infants with available peripheral blood MxA data&#46; MxA protein was detected in diluted 1&#58;20 blood samples using ELISA&#46; A multiplex polymerase chain reaction &#40;PCR&#41; test was used for the detection of rhinovirus &#40;RV&#41; A and B&#44; respiratory syncytial virus &#40;RSV&#41; A and B&#44; parainfluenza virus types 1&#8211;3&#44; human metapneumovirus&#44; adenovirus&#44; coronavirus &#40;229E&#44; NL63&#44; OC43&#44; and HKU1&#41;&#44; and influenza A and B virus from frozen samples&#46; Human bocavirus-1 was analysed by using PCR and serology&#44; as previously described&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> The primary outcome was the development of asthma by the age of 8 years&#44; documented in either a physician report or healthcare insurance registries&#46; These data were successfully obtained from 86 &#40;81&#37;&#41; of 106 infants&#46; As an exploratory outcome&#44; we investigated whether peripheral blood MxA was secreted at different levels in children with only RV or only RSV illness&#46; Potential confounders &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; age&#44; history of eczema&#44; parental asthma&#44; and treatment with prednisolone&#41; were accounted for in the model&#46; The role of smoking in the home was investigated as a possible effect modifier&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11</span></a> Recruited patients were screened for respiratory viral infections&#44; as described previously&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> We examined the between-groups differences in the infants&#8217; baseline characteristics and virology&#44; using the Mann&#8211;Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test and Chi-square tests as appropriate&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Of 106 infants hospitalized with a first wheezing episode&#44; the median age was 12 months and 33&#37; were girls &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>&#41;&#46; After adjusting for confounders&#44; we observed that a 1 unit &#40;&#956;g&#47;ml&#41; increase in MxA levels was associated with a 4&#46;7-fold chance of developing asthma by the age of 8 years &#40;adjusted OR 4&#46;7&#44; 95&#37; CI 1&#46;2&#8211;18&#46;9&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;042&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41;&#46; This association was not modified by smoking in the home &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-interaction<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;99&#41;&#46; The frequency of respiratory viruses detected in this analytical cohort can be seen in <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>B&#46; The exploratory analysis showed that infants with RV infection only had significantly lower peripheral blood MxA levels than infants with RSV-only and with RSV-RV coinfections &#40;both <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#44; respectively&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>C&#41;&#46; The statistical analysis and figures were produced using R Version 4&#46;2&#46;3 and STATA&#47;BE 17&#46;0 software&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To the best of our knowledge&#44; this is the first study of infants hospitalised with a first wheezing episode that suggests that peripheral blood MxA levels are associated with a high risk of childhood asthma&#46; This observation is interesting&#44; particularly following evidence from birth cohort studies showing that <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MX1</span> polymorphisms may be associated with an increased risk of asthma exacerbations at school age&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;12</span></a> If these data can be confirmed in a larger cohort providing additional evidence of specificity&#44; sensitivity and positive predictive value&#44; peripheral blood MxA could be proposed as a biomarker for childhood asthma&#46; This could prove beneficial&#44; given that peripheral blood MxA levels can be readily identified in point-of-care testing&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We also analysed the available respiratory virus data for RSV-only and RV-only positive groups&#44; and for groups with RSV-RV coinfection&#46; Interestingly&#44; despite the limited sample size&#44; our results in RSV- and RV-only positive groups are in line with reported observational and mechanistic evidence&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;13</span></a> To be more precise&#44; we noted among infants hospitalised with a first wheezing episode that those who tested positive for RSV alone showed the highest MxA levels&#46; A similar trend in RSV-positive children was also observed in a Swedish study&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> Furthermore&#44; mechanistic data have shown that in RV infection&#44; ciliated epithelial cells express lower levels of ISGs&#44; possibly through a mechanism that facilitates RV replication&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a> This reported mechanism could possibly explain our findings in infants positive for RV only&#46; While we would expect an association between reduced ISG expression and increased asthma risk&#44; this association seems to be more complex than expected&#46; For instance&#44; data from a multicentre bronchiolitis study reveal that infants with RSV-positive bronchiolitis and increased IFN transcription &#40;e&#46;g&#46;&#44; linked to probable increased ISG expression&#41; in their nasal airway samples were actually at a greater risk of developing asthma during their school years than infants with RSV-bronchiolitis and reduced IFN transcription in nasal airway samples&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> Further study is needed to clarify if this is related to the respiratory virus type&#46; Another factor that needs to be considered is the timing &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; how many days since the onset of symptoms&#41; in the context of the wheezing illness hospitalisation&#46; For example&#44; we know that in adult patients with asthma&#44; IFN expression in response to respiratory virus stimulation is lower than in control patients&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0155"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a> Nevertheless&#44; recent evidence from an in vitro model showed that IFN deficiency may be associated with increased respiratory virus replication and a subsequent increase in IFN and ISG expression&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a> Furthermore&#44; infection with different respiratory viruses may be associated with diverse immune responses in the context of a wheezing illness&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">16</span></a> In this study&#44; we have taken a different approach to the definition of respiratory virus aetiology for analytical purposes&#46; For example&#44; in the statistical analysis&#44; we opted to analyse data by &#8220;virus-only-positive&#8221; groups based on emerging evidence indicating that respiratory viral coinfections&#44; within the scope of a lower respiratory viral illness&#44; may define groups with unique pathophysiological characteristics&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a></p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Despite its strengths&#44; our study also has several potential limitations&#46; Firstly&#44; the study size in terms of the primary outcome is limited &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86&#41;&#44; although we did observe a significant association between peripheral blood MxA and asthma development up to the age of 8 years&#46; Our study findings provide preliminary evidence that warrants further testing in a larger cohort&#46; Secondly&#44; this study does not have data on asthma phenotypes&#46; The sample size was too small to derive a firm conclusion as to whether peripheral blood MxA could be a more specific marker of childhood asthma development in children with RSV-positive wheezing illnesses&#46; The initial findings from our analysis&#44; however&#44; indicate that this concept should be examined in a larger group of patients&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">To summarise&#44; this is the first study to demonstrate a link between peripheral blood MxA levels in infants hospitalised with a first wheezing episode and the development of childhood asthma&#46; The findings are preliminary but significant and warrant further investigation in a larger group of patients&#46; This evidence&#44; when validated&#44; may help design a crucial strategy for the prevention of childhood asthma&#44; which remains a public health priority&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Con&#64258;ict of Interests</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The authors state that they have no con&#64258;ict of interests&#46;</p></span></span>"
    "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [
      "secciones" => array:2 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Con&#64258;ict of Interests"
        ]
        1 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "References"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "multimedia" => array:2 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Fig&#46; 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "figura" => array:1 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg"
            "Alto" => 1713
            "Ancho" => 2508
            "Tamanyo" => 214822
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A multi-panel graphical representation illustrating the key findings of the study&#46;</p> <p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;A&#41;&#58; Relationships of peripheral blood MxA levels with the development of asthma in infants hospitalized with a first wheezing episode&#46; The fitted line represents a locally estimated scatterplot smoothed &#40;loess&#41; curve&#46; The grey bar represents the range in which 95&#37; of corresponding data are present&#46;</p> <p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;B&#41;&#58; This Venn diagram describes the frequency of respiratory viruses detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates from infants in the VINKU2 analytical sub-cohort &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>106 in total&#41;&#46; The left circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; yellow&#41; includes RSV-positive cases&#46; The middle circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; light blue&#41; includes cases positive as solo or a coinfection for human metapneumovirus&#44; influenza&#44; parainfluenza&#44; adenovirus&#44; or bocavirus&#44; but not RSV or rhinovirus &#40;RV&#41;&#46; The right circle &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; pink&#41; includes RV-positive cases&#46; The intersections between the left&#44; middle&#44; and right circles include three groups&#59; the RSV-other viruses coinfections&#44; the RSV-RV-double positive cases&#44; and the RSV-RV-other viruses coinfections&#46; Similarly&#44; the intersections between the right&#44; middle&#44; and left circles include three groups&#59; the RSV-other viruses coinfections&#44; the RSV-RV-double positive cases&#44; and the RSV-RV-other viruses coinfections&#46;</p> <p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Panel &#40;C&#41;&#58; The violin plots depict statistically significant differences in mean peripheral blood MxA levels &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; in microgram&#47;ml&#41; in infants hospitalized with an RV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47&#41; as compared to an RSV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#41; first wheezing episode &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#44; as well as in infants hospitalized with an RV-only &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>47&#41; as compared to RV-coinfections &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>21&#41; first wheezing episode &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;05&#41;&#46; The RV-coinfections group is consistent with the description followed in the Venn diagram in Panel &#40;B&#41;&#46; Comparisons have been made with the Mann&#8211;Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test&#46;</p> <p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MxA&#44; myxovirus resistance protein 1&#59; RSV&#44; respiratory syncytial virus&#59; RV&#44; rhinovirus&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:8 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Table 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "detalles" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "at1"
            "detalle" => "Table "
            "rol" => "short"
          ]
        ]
        "tabla" => array:3 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Note</span>&#58; Data are <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span> &#40;&#37;&#41; of children unless otherwise indicated&#46;</p><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">MxA&#58; myxovirus resistance protein 1&#59; RSV&#58; respiratory syncytial virus&#46;</p>"
          "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Patient Characteristics&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col">Overall&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>106&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="2" align="center" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Asthma by Age of 8 Years<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86&#41;</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p</span>-Value&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Yes&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>33&#59; 38&#46;4&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">No&#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>53&#59; 61&#46;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Demographics</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Age &#40;months&#41; median &#40;IQR&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11&#46;96 &#40;6&#46;7&#8211;16&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">10&#46;3 &#40;8&#46;55&#8211;11&#46;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12&#46;8 &#40;11&#46;1&#8211;14&#46;01&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;06&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Female sex&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">35 &#40;33&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;24&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;43&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;07&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>History of eczema&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;28&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">12 &#40;36&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">13 &#40;25&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Parental asthma&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47 &#40;44&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">18 &#40;55&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22 &#40;42&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Parental smoking&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;28&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;33&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">19 &#40;36&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;81&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Peripheral blood cytokine levels</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>MxA levels &#40;&#956;g&#47;L&#41; median &#40;IQR&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">281 &#40;181&#8211;474&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">314 &#40;242&#8211;684&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">212 &#40;157&#8211;383&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;015&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="5" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Respiratory virus data</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>RSV-only&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9 &#40;8&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;96&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>RSV-rhinovirus only&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">8 &#40;7&#46;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;9&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;54&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Rhinovirus-only&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47 &#40;44&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16 &#40;48&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;43&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;65&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Virus-only &#40;other&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">5 &#40;5&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2 &#40;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">3 &#40;6&#37;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#46;94&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab3564716.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:2 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0005"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Physician report or data from healthcare insurance registries for asthma at any point during an 8-year follow-up&#46;</p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0010"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0010">Infections with a single respiratory virus agent other than RSV and rhinovirus &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; human metapneumovirus&#44; influenza&#44; parainfluenza&#44; adenovirus&#44; or bocavirus&#41;&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Demographic Characteristics and Respiratory Virus Detection in the VINKU2 Analytical Sub-cohort &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>106 in total&#41; and Participants With Complete Asthma Diagnostic Data Asthma Diagnosis by the Age of 8 Years &#40;i&#46;e&#46;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>86 in Total&#41;&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0015"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:17 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0090"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Early life rhinovirus wheezing&#44; allergic sensitization&#44; and asthma risk at adolescence"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "F&#46;J&#46; Rubner"
                            1 => "D&#46;J&#46; Jackson"
                            2 => "M&#46;D&#46; Evans"
                            3 => "R&#46;E&#46; Gangnon"
                            4 => "C&#46;J&#46; Tisler"
                            5 => "T&#46;E&#46; Pappas"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.049"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Allergy Clin Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2017"
                        "volumen" => "139"
                        "paginaInicial" => "501"
                        "paginaFinal" => "507"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27312820"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0095"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Wheezing rhinovirus illnesses in early life predict asthma development in high-risk children"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "D&#46;J&#46; Jackson"
                            1 => "R&#46;E&#46; Gangnon"
                            2 => "M&#46;D&#46; Evans"
                            3 => "K&#46;A&#46; Roberg"
                            4 => "E&#46;L&#46; Anderson"
                            5 => "T&#46;E&#46; Pappas"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1164/rccm.200802-309OC"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "178"
                        "paginaInicial" => "667"
                        "paginaFinal" => "672"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0100"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Integrated omics endotyping of infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and risk of childhood asthma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Raita"
                            1 => "M&#46; Perez-Losada"
                            2 => "R&#46;J&#46; Freishtat"
                            3 => "B&#46; Harmon"
                            4 => "J&#46;M&#46; Mansbach"
                            5 => "P&#46;A&#46; Piedra"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/s41467-021-23859-6"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nat Commun"
                        "fecha" => "2021"
                        "volumen" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3601"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34127671"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0105"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Developmental regulation of type 1 and type 3 interferon production and risk for infant infections and asthma development"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46;G&#46; Holt"
                            1 => "D&#46; Mok"
                            2 => "D&#46; Panda"
                            3 => "L&#46; Renn"
                            4 => "G&#46; Fabozzi"
                            5 => "N&#46;H&#46; deKlerk"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jaci.2018.08.035"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Allergy Clin Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2019"
                        "volumen" => "143"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1176"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1182&#46;e5"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30217468"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0110"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Induction of MxA gene expression by influenza A virus requires type I or type III interferon signaling"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Holzinger"
                            1 => "C&#46; Jorns"
                            2 => "S&#46; Stertz"
                            3 => "S&#46; Boisson-Dupuis"
                            4 => "R&#46; Thimme"
                            5 => "M&#46; Weidmann"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1128/JVI.00546-06"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Virol"
                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "81"
                        "paginaInicial" => "7776"
                        "paginaFinal" => "7785"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17494065"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0115"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Interferon-stimulated genes&#58; a complex web of host defenses"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "W&#46;M&#46; Schneider"
                            1 => "M&#46;D&#46; Chevillotte"
                            2 => "C&#46;M&#46; Rice"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120231"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Annu Rev Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2014"
                        "volumen" => "32"
                        "paginaInicial" => "513"
                        "paginaFinal" => "545"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24555472"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0120"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mx proteins&#58; antiviral gatekeepers that restrain the uninvited"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Verhelst"
                            1 => "P&#46; Hulpiau"
                            2 => "X&#46; Saelens"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1128/MMBR.00024-13"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Microbiol Mol Biol Rev"
                        "fecha" => "2013"
                        "volumen" => "77"
                        "paginaInicial" => "551"
                        "paginaFinal" => "566"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24296571"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0125"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Myxovirus resistance protein A for discriminating between viral and bacterial lower respiratory tract infections in children &#8211; the TREND study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Rhedin"
                            1 => "A&#46; Eklundh"
                            2 => "M&#46; Ryd-Rinder"
                            3 => "V&#46; Peltola"
                            4 => "M&#46; Waris"
                            5 => "J&#46; Gantelius"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.cmi.2022.05.008"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Microbiol Infect"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "28"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1251"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1257"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35597507"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0130"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Increased lymphoid MxA expression in acute asthma exacerbation in children"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Itazawa"
                            1 => "Y&#46; Adachi"
                            2 => "H&#46; Imamura"
                            3 => "Y&#46; Okabe"
                            4 => "J&#46; Yamamoto"
                            5 => "Y&#46; Onoue"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00312.x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Allergy"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "56"
                        "paginaInicial" => "895"
                        "paginaFinal" => "898"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11551256"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0135"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Short- and long-term efficacy of prednisolone for first acute rhinovirus-induced wheezing episode"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "T&#46; Jartti"
                            1 => "R&#46; Nieminen"
                            2 => "T&#46; Vuorinen"
                            3 => "P&#46; Lehtinen"
                            4 => "T&#46; Vahlberg"
                            5 => "J&#46; Gern"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.001"
                      "Revista" => array:3 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Allergy Clin Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "135"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0140"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Direct and second hand cigarette smoke exposure and development of childhood asthma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46;H&#46; Gopal"
                            1 => "S&#46; Mukherjee"
                            2 => "S&#46;K&#46; Das"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.15436/2378-6841.16.1122"
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Environ Health Sci"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "2"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29399637"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0145"
              "etiqueta" => "12"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Genetic associations with viral respiratory illnesses and asthma control in children"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "D&#46;A&#46; Loisel"
                            1 => "G&#46; Du"
                            2 => "T&#46;S&#46; Ahluwalia"
                            3 => "C&#46;J&#46; Tisler"
                            4 => "M&#46;D&#46; Evans"
                            5 => "R&#46;A&#46; Myers"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/cea.12642"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Exp Allergy"
                        "fecha" => "2016"
                        "volumen" => "46"
                        "paginaInicial" => "112"
                        "paginaFinal" => "124"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26399222"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0150"
              "etiqueta" => "13"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Rhinovirus C causes heterogeneous infection and gene expression in airway epithelial cell subsets"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Basnet"
                            1 => "C&#46; Mohanty"
                            2 => "Y&#46;A&#46; Bochkov"
                            3 => "R&#46;A&#46; Brockman-Schneider"
                            4 => "C&#46; Kendziorski"
                            5 => "J&#46;E&#46; Gern"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.01.008"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Mucosal Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2023"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "386"
                        "paginaFinal" => "398"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36796588"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0155"
              "etiqueta" => "14"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Role of deficient type III interferon-lambda production in asthma exacerbations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Contoli"
                            1 => "S&#46;D&#46; Message"
                            2 => "V&#46; Laza-Stanca"
                            3 => "M&#46;R&#46; Edwards"
                            4 => "P&#46;A&#46;B&#46; Wark"
                            5 => "N&#46;W&#46; Bartlett"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/nm1462"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nat Med"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "12"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1023"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1026"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16906156"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0160"
              "etiqueta" => "15"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "In vivo bronchial epithelial interferon responses are augmented in asthma on day 4 following experimental rhinovirus infection"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "H&#46; Farne"
                            1 => "L&#46; Lin"
                            2 => "D&#46;J&#46; Jackson"
                            3 => "M&#46; Rattray"
                            4 => "A&#46; Simpson"
                            5 => "A&#46; Custovic"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217389"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Thorax"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "77"
                        "paginaInicial" => "929"
                        "paginaFinal" => "932"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35790388"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0165"
              "etiqueta" => "16"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cytokine expression in rhinovirus- vs&#46; respiratory syncytial virus-induced first wheezing episode and its relation to clinical course"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Hurme"
                            1 => "M&#46; Komulainen"
                            2 => "M&#46; Tulkki"
                            3 => "A&#46; Leino"
                            4 => "B&#46; R&#252;ckert"
                            5 => "R&#46; Turunen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.3389/fimmu.2022.1044621"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Front Immunol"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1044621"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36451824"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0170"
              "etiqueta" => "17"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Coinfection by influenza A virus and respiratory syncytial virus produces hybrid virus particles"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Haney"
                            1 => "S&#46; Vijayakrishnan"
                            2 => "J&#46; Streetley"
                            3 => "K&#46; Dee"
                            4 => "D&#46;M&#46; Goldfarb"
                            5 => "M&#46; Clarke"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1038/s41564-022-01242-5"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nat Microbiol"
                        "fecha" => "2022"
                        "volumen" => "7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1879"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1890"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36280786"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/03002896/0000006000000003/v3_202406110502/S0300289624000012/v3_202406110502/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "93560"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "es" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Scientific Letters"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/03002896/0000006000000003/v3_202406110502/S0300289624000012/v3_202406110502/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://www.archbronconeumol.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289624000012?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
]
Article information
ISSN: 03002896
Original language: English
The statistics are updated each day
Year/Month Html Pdf Total
2024 September 1 0 1
2024 June 1 0 1
2024 May 1 2 3
2024 April 4 1 5
2024 March 47 6 53
2024 February 46 34 80
2024 January 49 30 79

Follow this link to access the full text of the article

Archivos de Bronconeumología

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?