Journal Information
Vol. 38. Issue 11.
Pages 511-514 (November 2002)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 38. Issue 11.
Pages 511-514 (November 2002)
Full text access
Tratamiento de la hidrocefalia mediante la derivación ventriculopleural
Ventriculopleural shunt to treat hydrocephalus
Visits
28401
J. Torres Lanzasa, A. Ríos Zambudiob,
Corresponding author
ARZRIOS@teleline.es

Correspondencia: Avda. de la Libertad, 208. 30007 Casillas. Murcia. España
, J.F. Martínez Lagec, M.J. Roca Calvoa, M. Pozac, P. Parrilla Pariciob
a Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia. España
b Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo I. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia. España
c Unidad de Neurocirugía Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia. España
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Introducción

La derivación ventriculoatrial y la ventriculopleural (DVP) son métodos alternativos a la derivación ventriculoperitoneal para el drenaje del líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) en pacientes con hidrocefalia. La DVP ha sido poco utilizada por su riesgo de insuficiencia respiratoria por neumotórax o derrame pleural; sin embargo, la presencia actual de válvulas con dispositivos antisifón para los sistemas de derivación estándar previene el desarrollo de estos derrames pleurales. El objetivo es analizar los resultados de nueve DVP en 8 pacientes con las nuevas válvulas de DVP para evitar el drenaje excesivo de LCR.

Material y Método

Entre 1988 y 2000 se han realizado nueve DVP en 8 pacientes con hidrocefalia. Ocho válvulas eran de presión diferencial y una, reguladora de flujo. Además, seis (el modelo Sophy) son programables externamente. La indicación de la DVP fue, en 4 casos, la presencia de adherencias peritoneales; en dos, la presencia de ascitis persistente, en uno la obstrucción de la válvula ventriculoatrial, y en el último, la infección de la derivación peritoneal por una peritonitis. El noveno caso corresponde al recambio de una válvula previa obstruida.

Resultados

Tras un seguimiento medio de 22 meses, todas las derivaciones funcionan de forma adecuada y ningún paciente presenta síntomas de hidrocefalia, excepto un caso que precisó recambio valvular por obstrucción de la misma a los 6 meses. No se presentó morbimortalidad asociada a la técnica quirúrgica. Sólo un paciente mostró síntomas transitorios de drenaje excesivo de LCR, lo que fue corregido regulando el gradiente de la válvula magnética. Un paciente falleció a los 36 meses por un procedimiento no relacionado con el drenaje pleural.

Conclusiones

El uso de válvulas de nuevo diseño designadas para prevenir el sobredrenaje de LCR presenta unos resultados satisfactorios, por lo que la DVP debe considerarse como una alternativa al drenaje peritoneal.

Palabras clave:
Hidrocefalia
Derivación ventriculopleural
Adherencias peritoneales
Válvulas programables
Infección valvular
Líquido cefalorraquídeo
Introduction

Ventriculoatrial and ventriculopleural shunts (VPS) are alternatives to ventriculoperitoneal shunts for draining cerebrospinal fluid from patients with hydrocephalus. VPS has seldom been used because of the risk of respiratory insufficiency due to pneumothorax or pleural effusion. However, valves are currently available with antisiphon devices for use with standard shunting systems to prevent the development of pleural effusion. The aim of this study was to analyze outcome after VPS in eight patients in whom we used the new valves for avoiding overdrainage of cerebrospinal fluid.

Material and Method

Nine VPS procedures were performed in eight hydrocephalic patients between 1988 and 2000. We used differential pressure valves in eight procedures and a flow regulator valve in one. The externally adjustable Sophy valve was used in six cases. The indication for VPS was peritoneal adhesions in four cases, persistent ascites in two, ventriculoatrial valve obstruction in one, and infection of the peritoneal shunt (peritonitis) in one. The ninth case involved replacement of a previously obstructed valve.

Results

After a follow-up period of 22 months all shunts were functioning well and the only patient with symptoms of hydrocephalus was the one who required valve replacement at six months. No surgical morbidity or mortality was observed, and only one patient developed transitory signs of excessive cerebrospinal fluid drainage, which was corrected by regulating the magnetic valve gradient. The death of one patient 36 months after surgery was unrelated to pleural drainage.

Conclusions

Valves newly designed to prevent overdrainage of cerebrospinal fluid give satisfactory results, such that VPS should be considered as an alternative to peritoneal drainage.

Keywords:
Hydrocephalus
Ventriculopleural shunt
Peritoneal adhesion
Programable valves
Valve infection
Cerebrospinal fluid
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
P.N. Detwiler, R.W. Porter, H.L. Rekate.
Hydrocephalus-clinical features and management.
Pediatric neurosurgery, pp. 253-274
[2.]
G.W. Britz, A.M. Avellino, R. Schaller, J.D. Loeser.
Percutaneous placement of ventriculoatrial shunts in the pediatric population.
Pediatr Neurosurg, 29 (1998), pp. 161-163
[3.]
B. Heile.
Sur chirurgischen Behandlung des Hydrocephalus internus durch Ableitung der Cerebrospinalflüssigkeit nach der Bauchhöhle und nach der Pleurakuppe.
Arch Klin Chir, 105 (1914), pp. 501-516
[4.]
J. Ransohoff.
Ventriculopleural anastomosis in treatment of midline obstructional masses.
J Neurosurg, 11 (1954), pp. 295-301
[5.]
J. Ransohoff, K. Shulman, R.A. Fishman.
Hydrocephalus: a review of etiology and treatment.
J Pediatr, 46 (1960), pp. 399-411
[6.]
C. Beach, D.E. Manthey.
Tension hydrothorax due to ventriculopleural shunting.
J Emerg Med, 16 (1998), pp. 33-36
[7.]
R.I. Davidson, J. Zito.
acute cerebrospinal fluid hydrothorax: a delayed complication of subdural-pleural shunting.
Neurosurgery, 10 (1982), pp. 503-505
[8.]
D.Y. Sanders, R. Summers, L. Derouen.
Symptomatic pleural collection of cerebrospinal fluid caused by a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
South Med J, 90 (1997), pp. 831-832
[9.]
V.L. Chiang, M. Torbey, D. Rigamonti, M.A. Williams.
Ventriculopleural shunt obstruction and positive-pressure ventilation. Case report.
J Neurosurg, 95 (2001), pp. 116-118
[10.]
N. Donnelly, J. Jayamohan, A.J. Moore.
Delayed complication of a ventriculopleural shunt.
Br J Neurosurg, 15 (2001), pp. 193-194
[11.]
D.P. Megison, E.C. Benzel.
Ventriculopleural shunting for adult hydrocephalus.
Br J Neurosurg, 2 (1988), pp. 503-505
[12.]
R.F. Jones, B.G. Currie, B.C. Kwok.
Ventriculopleural shunts for hydrocepahlus: a useful alternative.
Neurosurgery, 23 (1988), pp. 753-755
[13.]
J.F. Martínez Lage, J. Torres, H. Campillo, I. Sánchez del Rincón, F. Bueno, G. Zambudio, et al.
Ventriculopleural shunting with new technology valves.
Child's Nerv Syst, 16 (2000), pp. 867-871
[14.]
J.r. Piatt JH.
How effective are ventriculopleural shunts?.
Pediatr Neurosurg, 21 (1994), pp. 66-70
[15.]
A. Arsalo, I. Lauhimo, P. Santavuori, S. Valtonew.
Subdural effusion: results after treatment with subdural-pleural shunts.
Child's Brain, 3 (1977), pp. 79-86
[16.]
H.J. Hoffman, E.B. Hendrick, R.P. Hemphreys.
Experience with ventriculopleural shunts.
Child's Brain, 10 (1983), pp. 404-413
[17.]
T.H. Milhorat.
Hydrocephalus and the cerebrospinal fluid, pp. 208-210
[18.]
J.L. Venes, R.K. Shaw.
Ventriculopleural shunting in the management of hydrocephalus.
Child's Brain, 5 (1979), pp. 45-50
[19.]
B.Z. Roitberg, T. Tomita, D.G. McLone.
Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst: a complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt in children.
Pediatr Neurosurg, 29 (1998), pp. 267-273
[20.]
G. Iosif, J. Fleischman, R. Chitkara.
Empyema due to ventriculopleural shunt.
Chest, 99 (1991), pp. 1538-1539
[21.]
M.A. Moron, D.L. Barrow.
Cerebrospinal fluid galactorrhea after ventriculopleural shunting: case report.
Surg Neurol, 42 (1994), pp. 227-230
[22.]
T. Wakamatsu, K. Matsuo, S. Kawano, S. Teramoto, H. Matsumara.
Glioblastoma with extracranial metastasis through ventriculopleural shunt: case report.
J Neurosurg, 34 (1971), pp. 697-701
[23.]
A. Yellin, G. Findler, Z. Barzylay, Y. Lieberman.
Fibrothorax associated with a ventriculopleural shunt in a hydrocephalic child.
J Pediatr Surg, 27 (1992), pp. 1525-1526
[24.]
C.D. Willison, T.A. Kopitnik, R. Gustafson, H.H. Kaufman.
Ventriculoperitoneal shunting used as a temporary diversion.
Acta Neurochir (Wien), 115 (1992), pp. 62-68
[25.]
E. Carrion, J.H. Hertzog, M.D. Medlock, G.J. Hauser, H.J. Dalton.
Use of acetazolamide to decrease cerebrospinal fluid production in chronically ventilated patients with ventriculopleural shunts.
Arch Dis Child, 84 (2001), pp. 68-71
[26.]
I.J. Gaskill, A.E. Marlin.
Pseudocysts of the abdomen associated with ventriculoperitoneal shunts: a report of twelve cases and a review of the literature.
Pediatr Neurosci, 15 (1989), pp. 23-26
[27.]
B.Z. Roitberg, T. Tomita, G. McLone.
Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocysts: a complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunts in children.
Pediatr Neurosurg, 29 (1998), pp. 267-273
[28.]
I. Munshi, D. Lathrop, J.R. Madsen, D.M. Frim.
Intraventricular pressure dynamics in patients with ventriculopleural shunts: a telemetric study.
Pediatr Neurosurg, 28 (1998), pp. 67-69
Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?