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Vol. 46. Issue 6.
Pages 294-301 (June 2010)
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Vol. 46. Issue 6.
Pages 294-301 (June 2010)
Original Article
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Six-Minute Walk Test and Maximum Exercise Test in Cycloergometer in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Are the Physiological Demands Equivalent?
Prueba de marcha de 6 min y ejercicio máximo en cicloergómetro en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, ¿son sus demandas fisiológicas equivalentes?
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Orlando Díaza,
Corresponding author
odiazp@vtr.net

Corresponding author.
, Arturo Moralesa, Rodrigo Ossesa, Julieta Klaassenb, Carmen Lisboaa, Fernando Saldíasa
a Departamento de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
b Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Abstract
Background and objectives

The physiological load imposed by the six minute walk test (SMWT) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients come from small studies where the influence of disease severity has not been assessed. The aim of the present study was to compare the SMWT with an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in patients classified by disease severity according to FEV1 (cutoff 50% predicted).

Patients and methods

Eighty-one COPD patients (53 with FEV1 ≥50%) performed both tests on two consecutive days. Oxygen consumption (V˙O2), carbon dioxide production (V˙O2), minute ventilation (V˙E), heart rate (HR) and pulse oximetry (SpO2) were measured during SMWT and CPET using portable equipment. Dyspnea and leg fatigue were measured with the Borg scale.

Results

In both groups, walking speed was constant during the SMWT and V˙O2 showed a plateau after the 3rd minute. When comparing SMWT (6th min) and peak CPET, patients with FEV1 ≥50% showed a greater V˙O2, but lower values of V˙O2,VE, HR, dyspnea, leg fatigue, and SpO2 during walking. In contrast, in those with FEV1 <50% predicted values were similar. Distance walked during the SMWT strongly correlated with V˙O2 at peak CPET (r=0.78; P=0.0001).

Conclusion

The SMWT is a constant load exercise in COPD patients, regardless of disease severity. It imposes high metabolic, ventilatory and cardiovascular requirements, which were closer to those of CPET in severe COPD. These findings may explain the close correlation between distance walked and peak CPET V˙O2

Keywords:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Exercise
Six-minute walk test
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

La demanda fisiológica impuesta por la prueba de marcha de 6 min (PM6M) se ha estudiado escasamente en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) y se desconoce si la gravedad de la enfermedad la afecta. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la PM6M con una prueba de ejercicio cardiopulmonar (PECP) incremental en pacientes categorizados por gravedad y se usó como punto de corte un volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (FEV1) del 50% del valor predicho.

Pacientes y método

En 81 pacientes a los que se les realizaron ambos ejercicios se evaluó el consumo de oxígeno (V˙O2), la producción de anhídrido carbónico (V˙O2), la ventilación por minuto, la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) y la oximetría de pulso con un equipo portátil; además, se cuantificó la disnea y la fatigabilidad.

Resultados

Durante la PM6M, la velocidad adoptada fue constante y el V˙O2 ascendió hasta una meseta a los 3 min, independientemente de la gravedad de la EPOC. Comparado con la PECP, en los pacientes con FEV1 ≥ 50%, el V˙O2 fue mayor, pero la V˙O2, la ventilación por minuto, la FC, la disnea, la fatiga de las piernas y la oximetría de pulso fueron significativamente inferiores durante la PM6M. En cambio, en aquellos con FEV1<50% la V˙O2, la FC y la disnea fueron similares. La distancia recorrida durante la PM6M en el grupo total se correlacionó estrechamente con el V˙O2 de la PECP (r=0,78; p=0,0001).

Conclusión

La PM6M posee las características de un ejercicio de carga constante, independientemente del estadio de la EPOC. Impone una alta exigencia metabólica, ventilatoria y cardiovascular, mayor en los pacientes más graves, lo que explicaría la estrecha correlación entre distancia recorrida (PM6M) y V˙O2 máximo (PECP).

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Ejercicio
Prueba de marcha en 6 min
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