Sintomatología del síndrome de apnea del sueño en la población general

Zamarrón, C.; Otero, Y.; Álvarez Dobaño, J.M.; Golpe, A.; Rodríguez Suárez, J.R.

doi:10.1016/S0300-2896(15)30432-4

Archivos de Bronconeumología

ISSN: 0300-2896

Archivos de Bronconeumologia is an international journal that publishes original studies whose content is based upon results of research initiatives dealing with several aspects of respiratory medicine including epidemiology, respiratory physiology, pathophysiology of respiratory diseases, clinical management, thoracic surgery, pediatric lung diseases, respiratory critical care, respiratory allergy and translational research. Other types of articles such as editorials, reviews, and different types of letters are also published in the journal. Additionally, the journal expresses the voice of the following scientific societies: the Spanish Respiratory Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR; https://www.separ.es/), the Latin American Thoracic Society (ALAT; https://alatorax.org/), and the Iberian American Association of Thoracic Surgery (AIACT; http://www.aiatorax.com/).

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Medline, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE)

El objetivo de nuestro estudio es conocer las características clínicas de los pacientes con síndrome de apnea del sueño (SAS) en la población general. Para ello, 110 personas, seleccionadas aleatoriamente, procedentes del censo de la población, fueron citadas a una consulta hospitalaria, donde se les realizó historia clínica y exploración física completa, seguidas de poligrafía respiratoria nocturna. De los 110 sujetos estudiados, 22 (20%) presentaron un SAS.

En el grupo SAS, el 59,1% refería ronquido habitual y el 22,7% hipersomnolencia diurna. Los pacientes con SAS tenían una edad media de 59,6±8,8 años, y un 45,4% presentaban alteraciones en la exploración de la faringe. No había diferencias en las variables obtenidas de la espirometría. Al realizar el análisis multivariado, únicamente la edad y la hipersomnolencia diurna predecían la presencia de SAS.

Concluimos que la frecuencia de ronquido, la hipersomnolencia diurna, las alteraciones en la exploración de la faringe y la edad eran superiores en el grupo de pacientes con SAS. Solamente la edad y la hipersomnolencia diurna predicen la presencia de SAS.

Palabras clave:

Síndrome de apnea del sueño

Población general

Sintomatología

The aim of this study was to determine the clinical features of patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) in the general population. One hundred ten individuals were selected randomly from the census and given hospital appointments. Case histories were taken and complete physical examinations were made. Nighttime respiratory polysomnograms were performed. Twenty-two (20%) of the 110 subjects presented SAS.

In the SAS group, 59.1% were habitual snorers and 22.7% reported daytime hypersomnolence. The SAS patients had a mean age of 59.6±8.8 years and 45.4% showed alterations of the pharynx. No differences in spirometric variables were observed. Only age and daytime hypersomnolence predicted SAS in the multivariate analysis.

We conclude that the prevalence of snoring, daytime hypersomnolence, pharyngeal alterations are higher in patients with SAS. The patients are also older. Only age and daytime hypersomnolence predicted of SAS.

Key words:

Sleep apnea syndrome

General population

Symptoms

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Bibliografía

[1.]

C. Guilleminault.

Clinical features and evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea.

Principies and practice of sleep medicine., pp. 667-677

[2.]

S. Viner, J.P. Szalai, V. Hoffstein.

Are history and physical examination a good screening test for sleep apnea?.

Ann Intern Med, 115 (1991), pp. 356-359

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