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Vol. 29. Issue 5.
Pages 226-228 (June - July 1993)
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Vol. 29. Issue 5.
Pages 226-228 (June - July 1993)
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Modificaciones de la actividad mecánica del diafragma inducidas por la inhalación de CO2 en pacientes con EPOC
Modifications in the mechanical activity of the diaphragm induced by the inhalation of CO2 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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M.C. Aguar, J. Gea, X. Aran, J.M. Broquetas
Servei de Pneumologia. Hospital del Mar. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
R. Guiu*, M. Orozco-Levi*
* Institut Municipal d’lnvestigació Mèdica (IMIM). Barcelona
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La inhalación de CO2 determina un aumento en la ventilación y condiciona cambios en la actividad mecánica del diafragma de sujetos sanos, que pueden ser más evidentes en pacientes con EPOC. Se ha estudiado la mecánica muscular respiratoria de 15 pacientes con EPOC severa en fase estable, evaluados respirando aire ambiente y durante la inhalación de CO2 (8%), situaciones permutadas aleatoriamente. Durante la inhalación de CO2, el volumen minuto aumentó de forma significativa (13 a 19 l, p < 0,001) a expensas de la frecuencia respiratoria (21 a 26 min–1, p < 0,001). Esto determinó un descenso de los tiempos inspiratorio (T1, 1,13 a 0,97 seg, p < 0,05) y total respiratorio (TTOT 3,13 a 2,37 seg, p < 0,001), sin modificaciones del cociente entre ambos. Al mismo tiempo se observó un aumento de la presión transdiafragmática (Pdi 18,9 a 25,2 cmH2O, p < 0,05) secundario al incremento de la esofágica (Pes – 13,5 a – 22,2 cmH2O, p < 0,001). La relación Pdi/Pdimáx mostró una tendencia al aumento (0,25 a 0,32, NS), que condicionó el incremento del índice tensión-tiempo (TTdi), acercándolo al área de fatiga (de 0,09 a 0,13, p < 0,05). La inhalación de CO2 puede condicionar una disminución en la reserva funcional del diafragma frente a la fatiga en pacientes con EPOC.

The inhalation of CO2 determines an increase in ventilation and conditions changes in the mechanical activity of the diaphragm in healthy subjects which may be more evident in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The respiratory muscular mechanism was studied in 15 patients with stable severe COPD evaluated by breathing room air and the inhalation of CO2 (8 °/o) during randomly timed situations. During the inhalation of CO2, the minute volume increased significantly (13 to 19 1, p < 0.001) at the cost of respiratory frequency (21 to 26 min–1, p < 0.001). This led to a decrease in inspiration times (T1 1.13 to 0.97 sec. p < 0.05) and total respiration (Ttot 3.13 to 2.37 sec. p < 0.001) with no modifications in the quotient between the two. At the same time an increase in transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi 18.9 to 25.2 cmH2O, p < 0.05) secondary to the increase in esophageal pressure (Pes –13.5 to –22.2 cmH20 =, p < 0.001) was observed. The Pdi/Pdimax relation demonstrated a tendency to increase (0.25 to 0.32, NS) which conditioned the increase of the tension-time rate (TTdi), making it cióse to the fatigue area (from 0.09 to 0.13, p < 0.05). The inhalation of CO2 may condition a decrease in the operative reserve of the diaphragm versus fatigue in patients.

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Copyright © 1993. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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