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Vol. 37. Issue 6.
Pages 287-291 (June 2001)
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Vol. 37. Issue 6.
Pages 287-291 (June 2001)
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Modelo de riesgo de mortalidad en el carcinoma broncogénico no anaplásico de células pequeñas en estadio I
Model for risk of mortality in stage I non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma
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J. Padilla
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jpadilla@comv.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitario La Fe. Avda. de Campanar, 21. 46009 Valencia.
, J.C. Peñalver, V. Calvo, A. García Zarza, J. Pastor, E. Blasco, F. París
Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia
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Objetivo

Elaborar y validar un modelo del riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes resecados de un carcinoma broncogénico no anaplásico de células pequeñas (CBNACP) en estadio I.

Pacientes Y Método

Un total de 798 pacientes diagnosticados de CBNACP fueron resecados y clasificados en el estadio I. Se estudiaron una serie de variables clinicopatológicas y su influencia en la supervivencia, calculada con el método de Kaplan-Meier. El modelo de Cox se utilizó para el análisis multivariante.

Resultados

En el análisis univariante, la edad (p = 0,0461), la sintomatología (p = 0,0383), la histología (p = 0,0489), el tamaño (p = 0,0002) y la invasión tumoral (p = 0,0010) condicionaron la supervivencia. En el análisis multivariante el tamaño (p = 0,0000) y la edad (p = 0,0269) entraron en regresión. Se estimó, aplicando la ecuación de regresión obtenida en el modelo multivariante, el riesgo de cada paciente, comprobando que la media fue de 1,47 ± 0,31 (rango, 0,68-2,92). La serie se dividió en tres grupos de riesgo (bajo, intermedio y alto), estableciendo los puntos de corte en 1,16 y 1,78 (desviación estándar de la media). La supervivencia a los 5 años fue del 85, el 62 y el 46%, respectivamente (p = 0,0000). Para validar la capacidad predictiva del modelo, la serie se dividió al azar en dos grupos: uno de estudio, configurado por 403 pacientes, y otro de validación, compuesto por 395. En el análisis univariante, en el grupo de estudio, la edad (p = 0,0295), la sintomatología (p = 0,0396), el tamaño (p = 0,0010) y la invasión tumoral (p = 0,0010) condicionaron la supervivencia. Utilizando el modelo de Cox, el tamaño (p = 0,0000) y la edad (p = 0,0358) entraron en regresión. La media del riesgo fue de 1,94 ± 0,36 (rango, 0,98-3,32). La serie fue dividida en tres grupos de riesgo, estableciendo los puntos de corte en 1,58 y 2,30. La supervivencia a los 5 años fue del 90, el 62 y el 46% para los grupos de riesgo bajo, intermedio y alto, respectivamente (p = 0,0000). Aplicando este modelo al grupo de validación, su capacidad para identificar grupos de riesgo quedó demostrada. La supervivencia a los 5 años fue del 78, el 61 y el 48%, respectivamente (p = 0,0000).

Conclusión

Los modelos de riesgo pueden identificar a subgrupos de pacientes potencialmente subsidiarios de tratamientos coadyuvantes a la cirugía, así como facilitar la comparación de distintas series.

Palabras clave:
Carcinoma broncogénico
Estadio I
Cirugía
Objective

To develop and validate a mortality risk model for patients with resected stage I non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma (NSCBC).

Patients And Method

Tumors from 798 patients with diagnoses of NSCBC were resected and classified in stage I. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's proportional hazard model were used to analyze the influence of clinical and pathologic variables on survival.

Results

Univariate analysis revealed that age (p = 0.0461), symptoms (p = 0.0383), histology (p = 0.0489) and tumor size (p = 0.0002) and invasion (p = 0.0010) affected survival. Size (p = 0.0000) and age (p = 0.0269) were entered into multivariate analysis. Each patient's risk was estimated by applying the regression equation derived from multivariate analysis; the mean was 1.47 ± 0.31 (range 0.68 to 2.92). The series was divided into three groups by degree of risk (low, intermediate and high), establishing the cutoff points at 1.16 and 1.78 (standard deviation of the mean). Five-year survival rates were 85%, 62% and 46%, respectively (p = 0.0000). To validate the model's predictive capacity, the series was divided randomly into two groups: the study group with 403 patients and the validation group with 395. Age (p = 0.0295), symptoms (p = 0.0396), tumor size (p = 0.0010) and invasion (p = 0.0010) affected survival in the univariate analysis. Size (p = 0.0000) and age (p = 0.0358) were entered into Cox's model. Mean risk was 1.94 ± 0.36 (range 0.98 to 3.32). The series was divided into three risk groups, with cut-off points established at 1.58 and 2.30. Five year survival rates were 90%, 62% and 46% for the low, intermediate and high risk groups, respectively (p = 0.0000). The same model proved able to identify risk when applied to the validation group, in which five-year survival rates were 78%, 61% and 48%, respectively (p = 0.0000).

Conclusion

Risk models can identify patient subgroups, potentially influenced by co-adjuvant treatment, as well as facilitate comparison of patient series.

Key words:
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Stage I
Surgery
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Copyright © 2001. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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