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Vol. 45. Issue 1.
Pages 48-56 (January 2009)
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Vol. 45. Issue 1.
Pages 48-56 (January 2009)
Recommendations of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (Separ)
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Guidelines on Asthma in Extreme Environmental Conditions
Guía del asma en condiciones ambientales extremas
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7086
Franchek Drobnica,
Corresponding author
drobnic@car.edu

Corresponding author.
, Luis Borderías Claub
a Servicios Médicos, FC Barcelona, Departamento de Fisiología del Deporte, Centro de Alto Rendimiento, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
b Sección de Respiratorio, Hospital San Jorge, Departamento de Patología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, Campus de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
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Abstract

Asthma is a highly prevalent chronic disease which, if not properly controlled, can limit the patient's activities and lifestyle. In recent decades, owing to the diffusion of educational materials, the application of clinical guidelines and, most importantly, the availability of effective pharmacological treatment, most patients with asthma are now able to lead normal lives.

Significant social changes have also taken place during the same period, including more widespread pursuit of sporting activities and tourism. As a result of these changes, individuals with asthma can now participate in certain activities that were inconceivable for these patients only a few years ago, including winter sports, underwater activities, air flight, and travel to remote places with unusual environmental conditions (deserts, high mountain environments, and tropical regions). In spite of the publication of several studies on this subject, our understanding of the effects of these situations on patients with asthma is still limited. The Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) has decided to publish these recommendations based on the available evidence and expert opinion in order to provide information on this topic to both doctors and patients and to avert potentially dangerous situations that could endanger the lives of these patients.

Keywords:
Asthma
Extreme conditions
Mountain
Winter sports
Desert
Underwater activities
Resumen

El asma es una enfermedad crónica de alta prevalencia que puede condicionar la vida del paciente si no se logra un control adecuado. En las últimas décadas, gracias a la difusión de los programas de educación, la aplicación de las guías clínicas y, fundamentalmente, la aparición de fármacos efectivos, la mayoría de los pacientes logra llevar un régimen de vida normal.

Por otra parte, en estos mismos años se han producido importantes cambios sociales, como la generalización de la práctica deportiva y del turismo. Ambas situaciones permiten al paciente asmático realizar determinadas actividades que hace sólo unos años parecían impensables, como los deportes de invierno, las actividades subacuáticas y los viajes a lugares remotos con condiciones ambientales inusuales (desierto, alta montaña, trópicos o vuelos en avión). A pesar de la publicación de algunos estudios, el conocimiento de las consecuencias de estas situaciones en el paciente con asma es limitado. La Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) ha decidido publicar estas Recomendaciones, basadas en la información disponible y/o en consejos de expertos, en un intento de facilitar la información a medicos y pacientes, con el fin de evitar situaciones peligrosas que puedan poner en peligro la vida de los pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Asma
Condiciones extremas
Montaña
Deportes de invierno
Desierto
Actividad subacuática
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