Article information
Resumen
La asociación de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) con el tabaco está ampliamente demostrada. Sin embargo, cada vez hay más estudios que ponen de manifiesto la no desdeñable prevalencia de la EPOC entre los individuos no fumadores. Por tanto, existen otros factores, endógenos y exógenos, que pueden influir en que un sujeto llegue o no a presentar la enfermedad. En el presente artículo se revisa la posible contribución genética, la influencia del sexo o de otras enfermedades respiratorias (como el asma crónica o la tuberculosis), así como la contaminación ambiental o la exposición laboral, al desarrollo final de la EPOC.
Palabras clave:
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
No fumadores
Exposición laboral
Contaminación ambiental
Abstract
The association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and smoking is well established. However, an increasing number of studies have reported a not inconsiderable prevalence of COPD among nonsmokers. Therefore, other factors, both endogenous and exogenous, may influence the development of this disease. The present article reviews the influence of possible genetic factors, gender and other respiratory diseases (such as chronic asthma and tuberculosis), as well as environmental pollution and occupational exposure in the development of COPD.
Keywords:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Nonsmokers
Occupational exposure
Environmental pollution
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