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Vol. 38. Issue 8.
Pages 351-355 (August 2002)
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Vol. 38. Issue 8.
Pages 351-355 (August 2002)
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Deshabituación tabáquica y bupropión: la ansiedad y la depresión como índices de eficacia terapéutica
Smoking cessation and bupropion: anxiety and depression as predictors of therapeutic efficacy
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I. Sampablo Lauro
Corresponding author
isl01b@saludalia.com

Correspondencia: Servicio del Aparato Respiratorio. Instituto Universitario Dexeus.Iradier, 3. 08017 Barcelona
, L. Lores, F. Coll
Servicio del Aparato Respiratorio. Instituto Universitario Dexeus. Barcelona
J.M. Carrerasa, M. Quesadaa
a Servicio de Neumología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid
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Existe una relación entre tabaquismo y enfermedad depresiva. Bupropión es el primer fármaco no nicotínico eficaz en la deshabituación tabáquica. Se trata de un antidepresivo que inhibe la recaptación neuronal de la serotonina, la dopamina y la noradrenalina en los nucleos talámicos

Objetivo

Valorar si existen algunas variables dentro del área de la personalidad (ansiedad o depresión) que pudiesen servir como índices predictivos en el tratamiento deshabituador con bupropión

Método

Estudio realizado en dos consultas de tabaquismo (Madrid y Barcelona). Se incluyó a 50 pacientes (21 varones) con una edad media de 43,6 años (desviación estándar [DE], 8,75) que manifestaban la voluntad en querer dejar de fumar. Fueron tratados con 300mg/día de bupropión durante un mes y seguidos durante 6 meses con controles de CO espirado. Las variables de personalidad fueron evaluadas con el test de HADS, test psicométrico que puntúa trastornos de personalidad ansiosodepresivos. Se valoró si existía alguna diferencia significativa en los valores de puntuación del HADS entre los pacientes que seguían sin fumar a los 6 meses y los que no

Resultados

Los 50 pacientes incluidos eran fumadores con una media de 39 paquetes/año (DE, 17,82) y con un valor medio de ansiedad de 7,4 (DE, 4,15) y de depresión de 5,8 (DE, 3,93). Un total de 4 pacientes (8%) no pudo completar el estudio. Al primer mes de tratamiento un 28% de los pacientes fumaba, al tercer mes era un 56% de fumadores y a los 6 meses un 58% de los pacientes incluidos seguía fumando. Al analizar las variables de personalidad, observamos que los pacientes que durante el primer mes fumaban tenían unas puntuaciones más elevadas de depresión que los no fumadroes (p=0,03). Al tercero y el sexto mes los pacientes que siguen sin fumar presentan unas puntuaciones más elevadas de ansiedad que la de aquellos pacientes que siguen fumando (p=0,0052 a los 3 meses y p=0,017 a los 6 meses)

Conclusione

Los pacientes que responden mejor al tratamiento con bupropión y después de 6 meses de seguimiento son aquellos que tienen niveles de ansiedad más elevados según el HADS test. Los niveles de depresión sólo influyen ne-gativamente durante el primer mes

Palabras clave:
Deshabituación tabáquica
Bupropión
Ansiedad
Depresión

Smoking and depression are related. Bupropion, the first non-nicotinic drug that is an effective treatment in smoking cessation, is a tricyclic antidepressant that inhibits neuronal uptake of serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine in the thalamic nuclei

Objective

To assess if certain personality factors (an-xiety or depression) might predict the efficacy of bupropion for smoking cessation

Method

The study was carried out in two smoking cessa-tion clinics in Madrid and Barcelona. Fifty patients (21 men) declaring the desire to quit smoking were enrolled. Their mean age was 43.6 years (SD 8.75). The patients were treated with 300mg of bupropion per day for one month and expired CO was monitored for 6 months. Personality factors were assessed on a hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). We evaluated whether there was a significant difference in HADS scores for patients who were still not smoking after 6 months and those who had not managed to quit

Results

The 50 patients were smokers of a mean 39 packs per year (SD 17.82) and had mean scores of 7.4 (SD 4.15) for anxiety and 5.8 (SD 3.93) for depression. Four patients (8%) were unable to complete the study. After one month, 28% of the patients smoked, after 3 months 56% smoked and after 6 months 58% still smoked. The patients who smoked during the first month had higher depression scores than did the non-smokers (p=0.03). After 3 and 6 months the patients who had managed to continue not smo-king were those who had higher anxiety scores than did those who still smoked (p=0.0052 at 3 months and p=0.017 at 6 months)

Conclusion

Patients who responded better to treatment with bupropion after 6 months of follow-up were those with higher anxiety scores on the HADS. Depression levels influenced outcome only during the first month

Keywords:
Smoking cessation
Bupropion
Anxiety
Depression
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Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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