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Vol. 25. Issue 5.
Pages 171-174 (June - July 1989)
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Vol. 25. Issue 5.
Pages 171-174 (June - July 1989)
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Celulas binucleadas en el layado broncoalveolar
Binuclear cells in bronchoalveolar lavage
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J.L. Pérez-Arellano, J.D. García-Palomo, M.C. Alcázar-Montero, J.E. Losa-García, A. Jiménez López, S. de Castro del Pozo
Cátedra de Patología General, Prof. S. de Castro. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Salamanca
F. Gómez Gómez*
* Sección de Neumología. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Salamanca
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El estudio de las diferentes variedades de macrófagos alveolares no es una práctica usual en el recuento diferencial del lavado broncoalveolar. Sin embargo, en la mayor parte de los líquidos de lavado broncoalveolar, es posible distinguir al menos tres variedades morfológicas de estas células: mononucleadas, binucleadas y multinucleadas. Por ello, hemos estudiado tanto el porcentaje como número total de macrófagos binucleados en cuatro grupos de pacientes portadores de diversas neumopatías: enfermedades granulomatosas, patología intersticial no granulomatosa, tuberculosis y controles. Los resultados obtenidos indican varios hechos: (a) existe una correlación positiva entre el porcentaje de células binucleadas y multinucleadas, dato puede interpretarse en el sentido que aquéllas constituirían un eslabón intermedio en el proceso de multinucleación; (b) el número total de células binucleadas es significativamente mayor en las enfermedades granulomatosas que en el resto de los grupos; (c) el porcentaje de binucleadas difiere significativamente entre las enfermedades granulomatosas y el grupo de tuberculosis lo que podría tener valor en la distinción de las alveolitis de predominio linfocitario y (d) el hallazgo de un elevado porcentaje de células binucleadas sería de valor en el diagnóstico sindrómico de enfermedad intersticial en circunstancias que artefactúen el recuento diferencial.

The study of the different varieties of alveolar macrophages is not a usual practice in the differential count of bronchoalveolar lavage. However, in most fluids from bronchoalveolar lavage at least three morphological varieties of these cells can be distinguished: mononuclear, binuclear and multinuclear. Therefore, we have evaluated both the percent rate and the overall number of binuclear macrophages in four groups of patients with several lung diseases: granulomatous diseases, nongranulomatous interstitial diseases, tuberculosis and Controls. The results suggest several points: (a) There is a positive correlation between the percent rate of binuclear and multinuclear cells; this finding can be interpreted as suggesting that the former might represent an intermediate stage in the multinucleation process; (b) The total number of binuclear cells is significantly higher in granulomatous diseases than in the remaining groups; (c) The percent rate of binuclear cells is significantly different in granulomatous diseases and in tuberculosis; this finding might be valuable for the differentiation of alveolitis with lymphocytic predominance; (d) The finding of a high rate of binuclear cells might be useful in the syndromic diagnosis of interstitial disease in those circumstances inducing artifacts in the differential count.

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Copyright © 1989. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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