Journal Information
Vol. 47. Issue 2.
Pages 103-105 (January 2011)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 47. Issue 2.
Pages 103-105 (January 2011)
Clinical Note
Full text access
Activating and Resistance Mutations of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Gene and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Clinical Reality
Isoenzimas de lactatodeshidrogenasa en el músculo esquelético de pacientes con EPOC
Visits
5005
Álvaro Tausa,
Corresponding author
ATaus@imas.imim.es

Corresponding author.
, Iván Vollmerb, Edurne Arriolaa
a Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
b IDIMAS-CRC-Mar, Servicio de Radiología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Abstract

In non-small cell lung cancer, EGFR gene mutations identify a patient sub-population with different clinical characteristics and treatment responses than those who do not present these mutations. There are mutations that lead to increased sensitivity to EGFR-targeted therapy, as well as mutations that result in resistance. The determination of EGFR mutations involves a change in the therapeutic approach to lung cancer patients in current clinical practice. In this article we present a case of a patient suffering from a metastatic lung adenocarcinoma with an activating mutation on diagnosis, initially responding to treatment with erlotinib, who subsequently developed a secondary resistance due to acquiring the T790M mutation in exon 20 of the EGFR gene.

Keywords:
Epidermal growth factor receptor
Mutation
T790M
Cancer
Lung
Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors
Erlotinib
Gefitinib
Resumen

En el cáncer de pulmón de célula no pequeña, las mutaciones del gen de EGFR identifican una subpoblación de pacientes con unas características clínicas y de respuesta al tratamiento diferente de aquellos que no presentan dichas mutaciones. Existen tanto mutaciones que derivan en un aumento de sensibilidad al tratamiento dirigido contra estas alteraciones génicas como mutaciones que confieren resistencia a los mismos tratamientos. La determinación de las mutaciones de EGFR implica cambios en la actitud terapéutica de los pacientes con cáncer de pulmón en la práctica clínica habitual. En este artículo presentamos un caso de una paciente afecta de un adenocarcinoma pulmonar metastático con una mutación activadora al diagnóstico, inicialmente respondedora a tratamiento con erlotinib, que posteriormente desarrolla una resistencia secundaria mediante la adquisición de la mutación T790M en el exón 20 del gen EGFR.

Palabras clave:
Receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico
Mutación
T790M
Cáncer
Pulmón
Inhibidores tirosin-kinasa
Erlotinib
Gefitinib
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
A. Jemal, R. Siegel, E. Ward, Y. Hao, J. Xu, M.J. Thun, et al.
Cancer statistics, 2009.
CA Cancer J Clin, 59 (2009), pp. 225-249
[2.]
F.A. Shepherd, J. Rodrigues Pereira, T. Ciuleanu, E.H. Tan, V. Hirsh, S. Thongprasert, et al.
Erlotinib in previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer.
N Engl J Med, 353 (2005), pp. 123-132
[3.]
T. Kosaka, Y. Yatabe, H. Endoh, K. Yoshida, T. Hida, M. Tsuboi, et al.
Analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutation in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer and acquired resistance to gefitinib.
Clin Cancer Res, 12 (2006), pp. 5764-5769
[4.]
T.J. Lynch, D.W. Bell, R. Sordella, S. Gurubhagavatula, R.A. Okimoto, B.W. Brannigan, et al.
Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor underlying responsiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib.
N Engl J Med, 350 (2004), pp. 2129-2139
[5.]
J.G. Paez, P.A. Janne, J.C. Lee, S. Tracy, H. Greulich, S. Gabriel, et al.
EGFR mutations in lung cancer: correlation with clinical response to gefitinib therapy.
Science, 304 (2004), pp. 1497-1500
[6.]
D.M. Jackman, B.Y. Yeap, L.V. Sequist, N. Lindeman, A.J. Holmes, V.A. Joshi, et al.
Exon 19 deletion mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor are associated with prolonged survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with gefitinib or erlotinib.
Clin Cancer Res, 12 (2006), pp. 3908-3914
[7.]
G.J. Riely, W. Pao, D. Pham, A.R. Li, N. Rizvi, E.S. Venkatraman, et al.
Clinical course of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and epidermal growth factor receptor exon 19 and exon 21 mutations treated with gefitinib or erlotinib.
Clin Cancer Res, 12 (2006), pp. 839-844
[8.]
H. Cortes-Funes, C. Gómez, R. Rosell, P. Valero, C. Garcia-Giron, A. Velasco, et al.
Epidermal growth factor receptor activating mutations in Spanish gefitinibtreated non-small-cell lung cancer patients.
Ann Oncol, 16 (2005), pp. 1081-1086
[9.]
R. Rosell, T. Moran, C. Queralt, R. Porta, F. Cardenal, C. Camps, et al.
Screening for epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung cancer.
N Engl J Med, 361 (2009), pp. 958-967
[10.]
T. Mitsudomi, T. Kosaka, H. Endoh, Y. Horio, T. Hida, S. Mori, et al.
Mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene predict prolonged survival after gefitinib treatment in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer with postoperative recurrence.
J Clin Oncol, 23 (2005), pp. 2513-2520
[11.]
S. Morita, I. Okamoto, K. Kobayashi, K. Yamazaki, H. Asahina, A. Inoue, et al.
Combined survival analysis of prospective clinical trials of gefitinib for non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations.
Clin Cancer Res, 15 (2009), pp. 4493-4498
[12.]
M.N. Balak, Y. Gong, G.J. Riely, R. Somwar, A.R. Li, M.F. Zakowski, et al.
Novel D761Y and common secondary T790M mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant lung adenocarcinomas with acquired resistance to kinase inhibitors.
Clin Cancer Res, 12 (2006), pp. 6494-6501
[13.]
D. Li, T. Shimamura, H. Ji, L. Chen, H.J. Haringsma, K. McNamara, et al.
Bronchial and peripheral murine lung carcinomas induced by T790M-L858R mutant EGFR respond to HKI-272 and rapamycin combination therapy.
Cancer Cell, 12 (2007), pp. 81-93
[14.]
J.A. Engelman, T. Mukohara, K. Zejnullahu, E. Lifshits, A.M. Borras, C.M. Gale, et al.
Allelic dilution obscures detection of a biologically significant resistance mutation in EGFR-amplified lung cancer.
J Clin Invest, 116 (2006), pp. 2695-2706
[15.]
J.A. Engelman, K. Zejnullahu, T. Mitsudomi, Y. Song, C. Hyland, J.O. Park, et al.
MET amplification leads to gefitinib resistance in lung cancer by activating ERBB3 signaling.
Science, 316 (2007), pp. 1039-1043
[16.]
C.H. Yun, K.E. Mengwasser, A.V. Toms, M.S. Woo, H. Greulich, K.K. Wong, et al.
The T790M mutation in EGFR kinase causes drug resistance by increasing the affinity for ATP.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105 (2008), pp. 2070-2075
[17.]
D. Li, L. Ambrogio, T. Shimamura, S. Kubo, M. Takahashi, L.R. Chirieac, et al.
BIBW2992, an irreversible EGFR/HER2 inhibitor highly effective in preclinical lung cancer models.
Oncogene, 27 (2008), pp. 4702-4711
[18.]
J.A. Engelman, K. Zejnullahu, C.M. Gale, E. Lifshits, A.J. Gonzales, T. Shimamura, et al.
PF00299804, an irreversible pan-ERBB inhibitor, is effective in lung cancer models with EGFR and ERBB2 mutations that are resistant to gefitinib.
Cancer Res, 67 (2007), pp. 11924-11932
[19.]
W. Zhou, D. Ercan, L. Chen, C.H. Yun, D. Li, M. Capelletti, et al.
Novel mutant-selective EGFR kinase inhibitors against EGFR T790 M.
Nature, 462 (2009), pp. 1070-1074
[20.]
R. Bianco, S. Garofalo, R. Rosa, V. Damiano, T. Gelardi, G. Daniele, et al.
Inhibition of mTOR pathway by everolimus cooperates with EGFR inhibitors in human tumours sensitive and resistant to anti-EGFR drugs.
Br J Cancer, 98 (2008), pp. 923-930
[21.]
R. Rosell, L. Pérez-Roca, J.J. Sánchez, M. Cobo, T. Moran, I. Chaib, et al.
Customized treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer based on EGFR mutations and BRCA1 mRNA expression.
[22.]
P.A. Janne.
Challenges of detecting EGFR T790M in gefitinib/erlotinib-resistant tumours.
Lung Cancer, 60 (2008), pp. S3-S9
[23.]
C. He, M. Liu, C. Zhou, J. Zhang, M. Ouyang, N. Zhong, et al.
Detection of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in plasma by mutant-enriched PCR assay for prediction of the response to gefitinib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.
Int J Cancer, 125 (2009), pp. 2393-2399
Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?