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Vol. 31. Issue 5.
Pages 202-210 (May 1995)
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Vol. 31. Issue 5.
Pages 202-210 (May 1995)
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Traducción española y validación de un cuestionario de calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Spanish translation and validation of a quality-of-life questionnaire for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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R. Güell*,1, P. Casan*, M. Sangenís*, J. Sentís**, F. Morante*, J.M. Borras***, G. Guyatt****
* Departament de Pneumologia. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona. Ontario. Canadá
** Departament de Bioestadística. Facultat de Medicina. Universitat de Barcelona. Ontario. Canadá
*** Departament de Sanitat i Seguretat Social. Generalitat de Catalunya. Ontario. Canadá
**** McMaster University. Hamilton. Ontario. Canadá
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El Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ) propuesto por Guyatt et al. es un cuestionario específico, utilizado para evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC).

El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue traducir y validar este cuestionario a la lengua española, para utilizarlo posteriormente como un instrumento de medida en los programas de rehabilitación respiratoria. El estudio se realizó en 65 pacientes diagnosticados de EPOC y propuestos para un programa de rehabilitación. La edad media fue de 64±7 años; todos los pacientes presentaban una intensa limitación al flujo aéreo, con FEV1 33±13% v. ref. y sin insuficiencia respiratoria pO2 70±10 mmHg.

Se realizó un proceso de traducción-retrotraducción y se discutieron los desacuerdos en un panel de personas bilingües y con el propio autor. Para el proceso de validación se realizaron: 1) estudio de comprensión en un grupo de 5 pacientes, sin que existieran dificultades especiales; 2) análisis de la consistencia interna o fiabilidad, mediante la determinación del coeficiente alfa de Crombach, con un resultado global del cuestionario de 0,92 y por áreas: disnea 0,51, fatiga 0,8, factor emocional 0,86 y control de la enfermedad 0,84, y 3) estudio de la correlación con los parámetros de función pulmonar y de esfuerzo (prueba de los 6 minutos de marcha y ejercicio progresivo con cicloergómetro) mostrando índices que, aunque débiles, fueron significativos y superponibles a los del propio autor. La mejor correlación fue del FEV1 con el conjunto del cuestionario (r=0,33; p<0,003). La mejor correlación por grupos se estableció entre el grado de fatiga y el FEV1, (r=0,31; p<0,005).

En conclusión, la traducción castellana del cuestionario CRDQ resulta válida y útil para ser aplicada en la cuantificación de la calidad de vida de los pacientes con EPOC en nuestro medio.

Palabras clave:
Calidad de vida
EPOC

The Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ), proposed by Guyatt et al., is a specific instrument used to assess quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Our aim was to transíate the questionnaire and validate it so that it could then be used as a measurement instrument in programs of respiratory rehabilitation. Sixty-five patients with COPD who were candidates for breathing therapy were enrolled in the study. Mean age was 64±7 years and all had severe air flow limitation, with FEV1 33±13% over reference valúes but not respiratory failure (pO2 70±10 mmHg).

The questionnaire was subjected to a process of translation/back translation and disagreements over wording were discussed by a panel of bilingual speakers and the author himself. The validation process involved the following steps: 1) a comprehension study with a group of 5 patients, which revealed no special difficulties; 2) analysis of internal consistency or reliability by way of Crombach's a coefficient, which gave and overall score of 0.92 and area scores of 0.51 for dyspnea, 0.8 for fatigue, 0.86 for emotional factors and 0.84 for disease control, and 3) analysis of correlation between various lung function parameters and exercise test results (6 min of increasing effort and a stationary cycle), which showed weak but statistically significant correlations that were comparable to those found by the author of the original CRDQ. The strongest correlation was between FEV1 and the score on the questionnaire as a whole (r=0.33; p<0.003). The strongest correlation by question group was found between degree of fatigue and FEV1, (r=0.31; p<0.005).

In conclusion, the Spanish translation of the CRDQ is valid and useful for quantifying the quality-of-life of patients with COPD in our context.

Key words:
Quality-of-life
COPD
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Copyright © 1995. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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