Elsevier

Medicina Intensiva

Volume 30, Issue 8, November 2006, Pages 379-385
Medicina Intensiva

Documento de Consenso
Monitorización del dolor. Recomendaciones del grupo de trabajo de analgesia y sedación de la SEMICYUCMonitoring pain. Recommendations of the analgesia and sedation work group of SEMICYUC

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El dolor es frecuentemente infravalorado, y por tanto insuficientemente tratado en los pacientes críticos. Las respuestas psicológicas, hemodinámicas, metabólicas y neuroendocrinas provocadas por un control inadecuado del dolor pueden producir mayor morbilidad e incluso mortalidad. La capacidad para detectar y controlar el dolor y el sufrimiento de los pacientes es un principio importante y fundamental de todos los miembros de un Servicio de Medicina Intensiva. La evaluación del dolor en el paciente crítico es difícil pero muy importante. El dolor referido por el paciente consciente es la base para instaurar la terapéutica. La escala visual analogical (EVA) y la escala verbal numérica (EVN) son las recomendadas para la evaluación del dolor del paciente consciente y la escala de Campbell para el paciente con incapacidad para comunicarse. No se deben admitir puntuaciones de dolor superiores a 3. La UCI sin dolor debe ser un objetivo de calidad asistencial de todos los Servicios de Medicina Intensiva.

In critically ill patients, pain is frequently underestimated and so insufficiently managed. Psychological, haemodynamic and neuroendocrine responses, secondary to untreated pain, could produce morbidity and even increases in patient mortality. All members of the intensive care team must have abilities to assess and to manage pain. The evaluation of pain in the critically ill patient is very difficult but extremely important. Self-reported pain is the starting point for treatment. The pain scores recommended are, VAS (visual analogue scale) and NRS (numeric rating scale) in communicative patients and Campbell scale in uncommunicative patients. Adequate and regular patient assessment leads to improved pain control. Scores higher than 3 points should not be permitted. A pain-free Intensive Care Unit should be a quality standard healthcare aim.

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