Original articleMycoplasma pneumoniae–induced rash and mucositis as a syndrome distinct from Stevens-Johnson syndrome and erythema multiforme: A systematic review
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Search strategies
A comprehensive search of the English-language literature was performed on 3 databases: Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE. Search terms included: “Mycoplasma pneumoniae” or “atypical pneumonia” and “Stevens-Johnson syndrome,” “erythema multiforme,” “toxic epidermal necrolysis,” “mucositis,” “atypical Stevens-Johnson syndrome,” “Fuchs syndrome,” or “Mycoplasma pneumoniae–associated mucositis.” Bibliographies of select publications were reviewed for eligible studies.
Data sources
We included abstracts, case
Results
In all, 256 potential cases of Mycoplasma-associated mucocutaneous disease were identified from 107 reports, of which 202 patients from 95 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. Twelve articles (54 patients) were excluded because of insufficient morphologic or clinical documentation.2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
Discussion
This systematic review highlights the morphology and clinical course of M pneumoniae–associated mucocutaneous disease that support its designation as a distinct clinical entity. Key features that help to distinguish MIRM from herpes-related erythema multiforme or drug-induced SJS/TEN include young patients, predominance of mucosal involvement, variable though relatively sparse cutaneous involvement, and excellent prognosis.
Despite these differences, most cases of M pneumoniae–associated
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Funding sources: None.
Conflicts of interest: None declared.