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Vol. 11. Issue 4.
Pages 128-133 (October - December 1975)
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Vol. 11. Issue 4.
Pages 128-133 (October - December 1975)
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Volumenes pulmonares y gasometria arterial en el enfisema pulmonar
Pulmonary volumes and arterial gasometry in pulmonary emphysema
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J. Martínez González del Río, J. Pérez Guerrero, F. Lahoz Navarro, A. Sastre Castillo, F. Marín Núñez, E. Alvarez Cuesta, A. López Encuentra, M. Lorenzo Cruz
Departamento de Alergologia y Terapéutica Respiratoria. Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Madrid
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Resumen y conclusiones

Hemos analizado 36 enfermos de enfisema clínico, de los cuales 14 eran puros (tipo A) y 22 tenían bronquitis asociada (tipo A + B).

De las diferentes determinaciones practicadas, resaltamos las siguientes conclusiones.

1. Acusada obstrucción bronquial con insuflación pulmonar intensa, sin diferencia significativa entre ambos grupos con descenso de la C.V. al 70%.

2. Muy escasa reversibilidad de la obstrucción bronquial tras la inhalación de broncolíticos, algo más mani los casos, discretamente mayor en el grupo A + B.

3. Moderada hipoxernia en todos fiesta en el groupo A + B.

4. Objetivamente hipercapnia significativa (PaCO2< 50mm de Hg) en el 30% de nuestra casuística, siendo más frecuente en el grupo A + B.

5. Con excepción de un caso, todos nuestros enfermos presentaban un pH normal o ligeramente elevado, sin diferencias entre ambos grupos.

6. Tras el esfuerzo: 1) PaO2 ascendió en más de la mitad de los enfermos de ambos grupos; 2) PaCO2 se incrementó con mayor frecuencia e intensidad en el tipo A + B; 3) En la tercera parte de nuestra casuística se elevan simultáneamente ambos parámetros gasométricos.

Summary

The authors have analyzed 3 5 patients with clinical emphysema; 14 with pure emphysema (tipe A) and 22 with associated bronchitis (type A+B).

Of the different determinations carried out, the authors emphasize the following conclusions.

1. Accused bronchial obstruction with intense pulmonary insufflation, with no significant difference be- tween both groups and with decrease of the Vital Capacity to 70%.

2. Very scarce reversibility of the bronchial obstruction after inhalation of broncholithics, somewhat more manifest in the group A + B.

3. Moderate hypoxemia in all the cases, discreetly greater in the group A+B.

4. The authors found significant hypercapnia (PaCO2 50mm g) in 30% of their cases, being more frequent in the group A+B.

5. With the exception ofone case, all the patients had a normal or slightiy elevated pH, with no differences between both groups.

6. After effort: 1) PaO2 increased in more than half of the patients of both groups; 2) PaCO2 increased with greater frequency and intensity in the type A+B; 3) In one third of the cases both gasometric parameters were elevated simultaneouisy.

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