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Vol. 30. Issue 1.
Pages 19-22 (January 1994)
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Vol. 30. Issue 1.
Pages 19-22 (January 1994)
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Síndrome de discinesia ciliar primaria. Una patología frecuente
Primary ciliary dyskinesia. A frequent disease
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M.J. Barranco1, M.A. Císcar, R. Peris, M. Ramón, G. Juan
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Clínico. Valencia
M. Armengot*, C. Cardá**
* Servicio de ORL. Hospital General. Valencia
** Servicio de Anatomía Patológica. Hospital Clínico. Valencia
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La prevalencia del síndrome de discinesia ciliar primaria (SDCP) en los Países Occidentales es de 1/40.000 y entre los pacientes con bronquiectasias es del 13%. Con este estudio se pretende conocer la prevalencia del SDCP en pacientes con bronquiectasias y sinusitis y conocer si estos pacientes presentan características clínicas propias. Se han estudiado 18 pacientes con bronquiectasias y sinusitis a lo largo de 2 años, procedentes de un área de 750.000 habitantes en Valencia (España). Se estudiaron clínica y radiológicamente y también se les midió el transporte mucociliar con albúmina marcada con tecnecio radiactivo y la ultraestructura de los cilios de la mucosa nasal. Catorce de los 18 pacientes (77%) tenían abolido el transporte mucociliar y 13 tenían alteraciones ultraestructurales típicas del SDCP. Sólo la infertilidad en el varón y el situs inversus fueron más frecuentes en los pacientes con SDCP, mientras que el resto de manifestaciones clínicas fueron igual de severas y frecuentes en los pacientes con SDCP y en los que no se encontró causa para las bronquiectasias y sinusitis. Se concluye que: a) la prevalencia del SDCP en los pacientes con bronquiectasias y sinusitis es del 77%; b) que en estos pacientes basta determinar el transporte mucocicliar para diagnosticarlos y no es necesario el estudio ultraestructural; c) se sugiere que la prevalencia del SDCP en nuestra población es mayor a la descrita, y d) las manifestaciones clínicas son similares en los pacientes con SDCP y en los de causa criptogenética.

The prevalence of primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome (PCDS) in Western countries is of 1/40,000 but is 13% in patients with bronchiectasis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of PCDS in patients with bronchiectasis and sinusitis, including whether or not these patients present specific clinical signs. Eighteen patients with these two conditions from an area with 750,000 inhabitants in Valencia (Spain), were studied for 2 years. Radiologic and clinical information was recorded and mucociliar motility was measured with albumin marked with radioactive technetium. The structure of the nasal mucosa cilia was also studied. In 14 patients (77%) mucociliary motility was supressed and in 13 ultrastructural changes typical of PCDS were observed. Only male infertility and situs inversus were more frequent in patients with PCDS; other clinical signs were equally severe and frequent in patients with PCDS and in those in whom no cause for bronchiectasis and sinusitis could be found. We conclude that 1) the prevalence of PCDS in patients with bronchiectasis and sinusitis is 77%; 2) in these patients a test of mucociliary motility is sufficient for diagnosis (structural study not being required); 3) the prevalence of PCDS in our population seems to be greater than that described; and 4) clinical signs are similar in patients with PCDS and in those with bronchiectasis of unknown genesis.

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Copyright © 1994. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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