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Vol. 29. Issue 1.
Pages 12-15 (January - February 1993)
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Vol. 29. Issue 1.
Pages 12-15 (January - February 1993)
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Uso de estreptoquinasa intrapleural en el tratamiento de empiemas y derrames pleurales paraneumónicos complicados
The use of intrapleural streptokinase in the treatment of empyemas and complicated parapneumonic pleural effusions
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I. Alfageme Michavila, L. Moreno Arrastio, F. Muñoz Lucena, S. Umbría Domínguez, N. Peña Griñán
Sección de Neumología. Hospital Universitario de Valme. Sevilla
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El objetivo es valorar la eficacia de la instilación intrapleu ral de estreptoquinasa (EQ) en empiemas (E) y derrames paraneumónicos complicados (DPC). Para ello se estudian retrospectivamente los E y DPC asistidos en nuestra Sección de Neumología desde 1984 hasta diciembre de 1991 que han precisado EQ. Se trataron 18 pacientes (11 E y 7 DPC) con derrames encapsulados que no se resolvieron de forma favora ble tras la colocación de un drenaje torácico permanente y la administración de antibióticos. A todos se les realizó instila ciones de EQ intrapleural a través del drenaje inicial (calibres 24 y 28 Fr), empleando 250.000 unidades disueltas en 100 ce de suero fisiológico diariamente hasta la total resolución ra diográfica de los encapsulamientos (3,6/sesiones/paciente; rango de 1-8). En 15 pacientes (83%) se consideró efectiva la instilación de EQ, no precisando de otros métodos para la resolución del derrame. Tres pacientes precisaron actuaciones adicionales para su resolución (recolocación del tubo intercos tal en dos pacientes y toracocentesis en el tercero). Todos ellos evolucionaron hacia la curación. Sólo se observó fiebre autolimitada y bien tolerada en el 44% de los pacientes como efecto adverso. Esta técnica puede ser de utilidad en aquellos E y DPC que no se resuelven de forma favorable, antes de recurrir a otras técnicas más agresivas o molestas para el enfermo, con escasos efectos adversos.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the intrapleural instillation of streptokinase (SK) in emyemas (E) and complicated parapneumonic effusions (CPE). To do so the E and CPE attended in our section of pneumology requiring SK from 1984 to December 1991 were retrospectively studied. Eighteen patients (11 E and 7 CPE) with encapsulated effusions which did not resolve favorably following the placement of permanent thoracic drainage and the adminis tration of antibiotics were treated. All the patients were given intrapleural instillation of SK through the initial drainage (calibres 24 and 28 Fr) using 250,000 units dissolved in 100 ce of physiologic serum daily up to the total radiographic resolution of the encapsulations (3.6 sessions/patient; range 1-8). In 15 patients (83%) the instillation of SK was considered as effective with no other methods required for the resolution of the effusion. Three patients required additional therapy for resolution (replacement of the intercostal tube in two patients and thoracocentesis in the third). All the patients evolved to being cured. The only adverse effects observed in 44% of the patients were self limited fever, well tolerated. This technique, with slight side effects, may be useful in patients with E and CPE which do not resolve favorably befare using other more aggressive or bothersome techniques.

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Copyright © 1993. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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