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Vol. 37. Issue 5.
Pages 221-226 (May 2001)
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Vol. 37. Issue 5.
Pages 221-226 (May 2001)
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Similitudes y diferencias en el grado de disnea durante el ejercicio en pacientes con EPOC y fibrosis pulmonar
Severity of dyspnea during exercise: similarities and differences between patients with COP or pulmonary fibrosis
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A. Ramírez-Venegas, C. Sánchez, J. Regalado, R.H. Sansores
Corresponding author
rsansore@mail.cpesa.com.mx

Correspondencia: Clínica de EPOC, Pabellón 5.Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias.Calzada de Tlalpan, 4502, Col. Sección XVI.14080 México D.F. México.
Clínica de EPOC. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias. México
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Con el objeto de entender los mecanismos de la disnea du-rante el ejercicio y posibles factores de predicción, evalua-mos la disnea basal y en ejercicio en 27 pacientes con enfer-medad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) y 39 con fibrosis pulmonar. Además, se realizó una espirometría, una medición de gases arteriales en reposo y una caminata de 12 min (PC12). Durante la PC12 se midió la frecuencia cardía-ca, la saturación de oxígeno (SaO2 ) cada 2 min y la distancia recorrida. Aunque hubo cambios en la disnea a lo largo de la prueba de ejercicio en ambos grupos (p < 0,001), el grado máximo de disnea no fue estadísticamente significativo entre los grupos estudiados. Los pacientes con EPOC recorrieron distancias mayores que los individuos con fibrosis pulmonar (782 ± 182 y 618 ± 225 m, respectivamente; p = 0,002) y evi-denciaron un menor número de pausas durante la PC12 que los sujetos con fibrosis pulmonar (0,18 ± 0,55 frente a 0,82 ± 1,55, respectivamente; p < 0,05). Después de ajustar por diagnóstico, edad, sexo, disnea basal, distancia total recorri-da y pausas en la PC12, sólo la SaO2 se asoció significativa-mente con el grado de disnea durante el ejercicio. En resu-men, hay diferencias importantes en el grado de disnea durante el ejercicio entre pacientes con EPOC y fibrosis pul-monar, y la SaO2 es la única variable capaz de predecirla.

Palabras clave:
Disnea durante el ejercicio
EPOC
Fibrosis pul-monar

To understand the mechanisms leading to dyspnea during exercise and to identify possible predictive factors, we com-pared dyspnea at rest (baseline) and during exercise in 27 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 39 pulmonary fibrosis (PF) patients. We also compared spirometry and blood gases at rest and after exer-cise, which consisted of a 12-minute walking test (12WT). Heart rate and oxygen saturation (SaO2 ) were recorded every two minutes during the 12WT. Distance walked was also recorded. Although dyspnea changed during the 12WT in both groups (p < 0.001), the maximum level of dyspnea reached in the two groups was not statistically different. COPD patients walked farther than did PF patients (782 ± 182 m vs. 618 ± 225 m, respectively; p = 0.002) and paused less often during the 12WT than did PF patients (0.18 ± 0.55 vs. 0.82 ± 1.55, respectively; p < 0.05). After adjusting for diagnosis, age, sex, baseline dyspnea, distance walked and pauses during the 12WT, we found that only SaO2 was signi-ficantly related to severity of dyspnea during exercise. We conclude that there are important differences in degree of dyspnea experienced during exercise by COPD and PF pa-tients and that SaO2 is the only variable that predicts seve-rity of dyspnea.

Keywords:
Dyspnea during exercise
Chronic obstructive pul-monary disease
COPD
Pulmonary fibrosis
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Copyright © 2001. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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