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Vol. 23. Issue 3.
Pages 108-114 (May - June 1987)
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Vol. 23. Issue 3.
Pages 108-114 (May - June 1987)
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Rendimiento de los musculos respiratorios en adolescentes con escoliosis toracica
Respiratory muscles performance in adolescents with thoracic scoliosis
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J.M. Marin, A. Perez-Trullen, J.A. Pasamar
Departamento de Fisiopatología. Hospital de Enfermedades del Tórax. Zaragoza
J. Rodriguez*
* Centro de Traumatología. Hospital Miguel Servet. Zaragoza
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Se ha evaluado el rendimiento de los músculos respiratorios en adolescentes con escoliosis idiopática asintomática (EI). Se estudiaron 10 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre 14 y 18 años, todos ellos con grados de escoliosis torácica inferior a 60° (ángulo de Cobb). No se encontraron alteraciones significativas a nivel de flujos y volúmenes pulmonares. La presión inspiratoria máxima (Pi max) a FRC, fue menor a la prevista en la mayoría de ellos y se correlacionó negativamente con el ángulo de Cobb (r = 0,867; p < 0,01). La presión inspiratoria media durante la fase inspiratoria del ciclo (Pi¯) fue menor de la teórica (p < 0,001). La fuerza muscular inspiratoria desarrollada en reposo (W rest) estaba aumentada en un 28% de promedio respecto a los sujetos sin EI (p < 0,01); y la fuerza muscular inspiratoria que eran capaces de generar antes de llegar a la fatiga muscular (W crit) si bien era un 5% mayor a la teórica (p < 0,05), se relacionó negativamente con el grado de escoliosis (r = —0,635; p < 0,05). En conclusión, los músculos respiratorios de los adolescentes con EI son incapaces de generar presiones máximas adecuadas, deben de realizar un mayor trabajo en reposo y son más susceptibles de sufrir fatiga muscular.

The performance of respiratory muscles in adolescente with asymptomatic idiopathic scoliosis (IS) was studied. Ten subjects aged between 14 and 18 years, all of them with an scoliosis of a degree less than 60° (Cobb's angle) were admitted into the study. Pulmonary flows and volumes showed no significant disturbances. Máximum inspiratory pressure (Pi max) at FRC was less than expected in most of these subjects, this value showing a negative correlation with Cobb's angle (r = —0.867; p < 0.01). The mean inspiratory pressure during the inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle (Pi¯) was less than expected (p < 0.001). The resting inspiratory muscular strength (W rest) was on the average 28% greater than in subjeets without IS (p < 0.01); the inspiratory muscular strength that the subjeets in our study were able to produce before showing muscular fatigue (W crit), though found to be 5% above the expected value (p < 0.05), showed a negative association with the severity of scoliosis (r = —0.635; p < 0.05). In conclusion, respiratory muscles of adolescente with IS are unable to produce adequate maximum pressures, are bound to work heavier at rest, and are more prone to muscular fatigue.

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Copyright © 1987. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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