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Vol. 27. Issue 6.
Pages 249-253 (August - September 1991)
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Vol. 27. Issue 6.
Pages 249-253 (August - September 1991)
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Estudio de la contractilidad diafragmática en un modelo de asma experimental. Efectos de las metilxantinas
Study of diaphragmatic contractility in a model of experimental asthma. Effects of methylxanthines
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J. Orón, J.L. Ortiz, J. Cortijo, E. Morcillo
Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital La Fe. Valencia
A. de Diego*, M. Perpiñá*
* Servicio de Neumología. Hospital La Fe. Valencia
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El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido investigar las alteraciones producidas en la contractilidad muscular de tiras de diafragma procedentes de cobayos sensibilizados (CS) activamente con albúmina sérica bovina y su modificación tras el tratamiento con teofilina (TE) y cafeína (CA).

La respuesta contráctil obtenida fue significativamente mayor en las tiras procedentes de CS (122 ± 13 mg F) que en las de cobayos normales (CN) (84 ± 7 mg F). Esta respuesta no se vio modificada en ninguno de los dos preparados por la presencia de verapamil y se redujo de forma similar en ambos (72% y 73%) cuando utilizamos dantroleno sódico. En ausencia de Ca2+ libre extracelular, la contractilidad diafragmática disminuyó un 44% en los CS frente a un 19% en los CN.

El tratamiento con TE produjo aumentos similares de la fuerza contráctil en CN (65 ± 10%) y CS (71 ± 13%) mientras que fue significativamente mayor en las tiras de CS (145 ± 22 vs 105 ± 13) tratadas con CA. Estas respuestas únicamente disminuyeron en los CS en ausencia de Ca2+ extracelular.

Concluimos: 1) el modelo de sensibilización utilizado produce una hiperreactividad del diafragma, dependiente en parte del Ca2+ extracelular; 2) la sensibilización aumenta el efecto de CA pero no de TE sobre la contractilidad diafragmática; y 3) el aumento de contractilidad inducido por TE y CA, presenta una mayor dependencia del Ca2+ extracelular en los preparados sensibilizados.

Arch Bronconeumol 1991: 27:249-253

The aim of this study was to investigate contractile altera-tions in diaphragmatic muscular strips of guinea pigs actively sensitized with bovine serum albumin and the response of such preparations to treatment with theophylline and caffeine. Contractile response was significantly greater in strips from sensitized guinea pigs (122 ± 13 mg F) than in those from normal animals (84 ± 7 mg F). Contractile response was not modified by verapamil in either of the two groups of guinea pigs but it decreased in a comparable degree in both groups of preparations when exposed to sodium dantrolene. In absence of extracellular free Ca++, diaphragmatic contractility decreased by 44% in sensitized animal and by 19% in controls. Treatment with theophylline induced similar contractile increases in controls (65 ± 10%) and sensitized animal (71 ± 13%), whereas treatment with caffeine evoker greater contractile response in sensitized guinea pigs than in controls (145 ± 22 vs 105 ± 13). These responses decreased only in sensitized animal in absence of extracellularCa++.

We conclude: 1) the present model of sensitization produces a diaphragmatic hyperreactivity which depends in part on extracellular Ca**; 2) sensitization enhances the effect of caffeine but not theophylline od diaphragmatic contractility; and 3) the increase in contractility induced by theophylline and caffeine has a greater dependence on extracellular Ca++ in sensitized preparations.

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Copyright © 1991. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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